Questions to decide

Conflicts found while turning the research notes into people/ files, October 2026. Each one is recorded on the person's page as it stands now (usually both readings, with the stronger one first). When you decide one, it moves to Research decisions and the page is updated.

Most important first within each line. Items marked (research task) have been reviewed: nobody knows yet, so they wait on new records rather than on a decision.

Still open from the line work (13 October 2026)

The rest of the conflicts found while writing and dividing the lines were set right on the records the same day (Research decisions, "the inconsistencies from the line work"). These wait on a record:

1. Mary Cock's marriage licence (3 Mar 1737/8, NY Marriage Licenses via the Frost Genealogy) falls when she was about fifteen and a half, against her birth in the fifth or sixth month of 1722 (the Friends' records via the Cock genealogy). Both dates stand on the page. (research task): the licence entry or the Westbury birth record.
2. Jerahmeel Cummings's marriage: 30 Apr 1771 in Mooar (on the page), 13 May 1771 in Kith and Kin. (research task): the original record.
3. Katherine (Wise) Mather's death: after July 1686, probably at Lyme; the date is unknown. (research task)
4. James Hawkins's father and Mary Greenaway's mother stay probable: the records quoted name only the other parent. (research task): for James, the Bluntisham baptism (TAG 89).
5. Henrietta (Browne) Hatten's parents, the weakest link in the archive, wait on the research planned for them (her page's open questions).

From the research-thread audit (7 October 2026)

Found while porting the Holbrook-Low Colonial Tree's "Ongoing research" into threads/. The threads state both readings where the files disagree.

1. Findings that exist only in the colonial tree (its 2 Oct pass). Bring them into the people and source files before the tree is retired? The threads keep them in their trails.
   • Richard Warren: the Drapers' Company freeman of 1609/10 and his apprentices, Simon Adams's freedom (1596), the rival Richard Warren of Aldermary (m. Hanna Gathorne, 1610/11), the 32-register London search, the DNA notes and the tree's percentages (Where did Richard Warren come from?; Richard Warren).
   • Capt. John Holbrook's will of 1699, read in full on FamilySearch (Suffolk Probate 14:111-113), with the grandson clause; Will of Capt. John Holbrook of Weymouth, Massachusetts is still an abstract. Also the 1819 selectmen's complaint, the 1820 Pocket Almanack, the Wellfleet precinct entries and Thomas Holbrook's marriage to Margaret Doane, 1734/5 (Whose sons were Deacon Elisha and Capt. Gideon Holbrook?).
   • The 1457 Bristol and 1536 Horsington Holbrooke wills (PROB 11/4/176, 11/25/610), recorded in the tree as downloaded on 2 Oct; the research file still lists them as not yet fetched (Who were the Holbrookes in England before Thomas the immigrant?).
2. The Walker identification is "documented, proven" on Elizabeth Walker (her father Augustine) but "probable" on Richard Warren, Mary Warren and the Warren line page. Which?
3. Richard Warren's "three of London": his page reads as if they were he, John Tilley and John Howland; Mourt (as quoted in the research file) names Warren, Stephen Hopkins and Edward Doten. The Therfield candidate is a specific baptism (9 Nov 1589) in the tree but only "a Warren family in the vicinity" in the archive.
4. Thomas of Norton Malreward > William Holbrooke: 85% on William's page and the line page; 85-90% in the newer passes of early-holbrook-family-england.md. And Thomas's marriage to Edith "by about 1550" rests on William being her son; the first record of her as his wife is 1565.
5. John (1686) > Elisha: the Holbrook line page says "the Eastham records show it is the same man"; Elisha's page has it as inferred (probable, 95%). And several pages say Gideon was born while Sarah (Mayo) was living, though her death in 1767 is only possible and unsourced.
6. William Foster "brother-in-law" of Major Nathan Low (10 June 1815, in the Low master research) clashes with William Foster of Deer Isle as Mary (Foster) Thompson's brother, which would make him Rebecca (Thompson) Low's uncle. A slip, or another William?
7. The Firmin will: dated 10 July 1616 in Mollie's typescript (quoting Redstone); "c. 1612?" in the Low master research.
8. Margaret Tod is inferred to have died "before c. 1636", but Sarah Low was born about 1637 with no mother named. And Mollie's Polstead claim is flagged "possible" (yellow), though the archive rates the Polstead identification probable.
9. Mercy Ellis: the Freeman-Ellis line page calls her an "unmarried" daughter in the 1704 Nye deed; every other file quotes the summary as just "daughter Mercy."

From the Holbrook-Low Colonial Tree (6 October 2026)

Found while moving the colonial tree and the Freeman-Ellis Anecdotes into the people pages. In each case the page keeps its own reading and gives the other under Open questions.

1. Thomas Varney (1682) and Caleb Low's will. The page takes "Thomas Varney, brother" in Caleb Low's 1773 will to be this Thomas, who would then have been 90 and Caleb's father-in-law. The tree reads him as Caleb's brother-in-law, Thomas Varney (b. 1715), which is almost certainly right. Change the page? (Thomas Varney)
2. Eleazer Churchill's death: 8 Mar 1716 (the printed Plymouth death list, now cited, so the date is labelled documented) or 25 Mar 1716 (his Burial Hill stone, Kingman no. 36, which the tree follows). (Eleazer Churchill)
3. Thomas Emerson's inventory: the printed probate reads "9: 3 m: 1666", which is 9 May; the page has "before 3 May 1666", which looks like a misreading. Correct it? (Thomas Emerson)
4. Links the records now support better than their labels. Settled 6 October 2026: raised to documented (Research decisions).
5. Elizabeth Cogswell's maiden name is Thompson (Jameson; the Westbury register as transcribed on WikiTree). By the ID rules her page would move from Elizabeth Cogswell to elizabeth-thompson-.... Rename?
6. "E. Holbrook," who wrote from Whidbey Island in January 1854: filed under Eliphalet (b. 1828), but it could be Elisha (b. 1823). (Eliphalet Holbrook)
7. Evidence for older questions here: Capt. Daniel Read's birth, 3 Dec 1716 at Attleborough (J. W. Reed p. 235), which supports keeping him and the Daniell of 1713 as two men (Low and Tyler-Ginn no. 8); John Eliot's Roxbury record, which favours 9 Apr 1641 and Dorothy for Caleb Lamb's birth (no. 7); Abiel Brown's 1817 statement that Banfield Capron lived 52 years with his first wife, which makes her Mary Capron's mother whatever her name (no. 5).
8. Smaller, on the pages' open questions: Isaac Chittenden "killed" 20 May 1676 (Deane) but on a coroner's jury on 29 July (PCR 5:225-226); Dorothy Harbottle's second marriage (2 Feb 1651 or 1651/2); Mary Bate's Lydd baptism of 21 Nov 1619 against c. 1618; Experience Stanwood's day (21st or 27th); Sgt. John Churchill Jr.'s grand jury (1704/5 or 1710/11); William Briscoe's baptism (24 or 29 June 1591); Patience Bigg's death (1637, or living in 1638-41); Thomas Millett's death place; whether the Endeavour (1809) was Capt. Gideon's or his nephew's; Capt. John Holbrook's Concord company (Vinton's thirty men in June, or Bodge's eighty-two on 29 April 1676). Settled by the King Philip's War research of 12 Oct 2026 (research/king-philips-war/): Isaac Chittenden was not killed on 20 May 1676 (the jury of 29 July was summoned by a constable sworn in June 1676; he died before 1 Nov 1676); Holbrook's company is the one of 29 April, and Vinton's "thirty men from Old Norfolk" were another officer's (Old Norfolk lay north of the Merrimack). Narrowed: Savage reads Dorothy Harbottle's marriage as 2 Feb 1651/2; Thomas Millett died intestate before 28 Sept 1675 (EQC 6:73), place still unknown.
9. Two slips in the research notes, left as written: the Freeman-Ellis Anecdotes date the warrant "in John Ellis & his wifes case" to early 1645; PCR 2:76-77 is the court of 20 Aug
   1644. And Warren_Line_Research.md points to an anecdotes "section 13" for the Warren, Bartlett, Harlow and Rider incidents; the Harlow, Bartlett and Rider ones are in section 11, and there are none for Warren.

Holbrook and Mayo

1. Mother of John Holbrook (c. 1650) (research task). Recorded as Elizabeth Stream, inferred, now only possible: he was born during Capt. John's marriage to her (c. 1645-1688), which is all the Holbrook master tree goes on. No record names his mother, and Mollie's typescript does not mention her. Accept? (John Holbrook)
2. Martha Holbrook, wife of Daniel Mayo Jr. She may be Elisha's sister Martha (b. 11 Nov 1721); her gravestone implies a birth about Nov 1722. Left unlinked. (Martha Holbrook, Daniel Mayo)
3. Sarah Prence's mother: Mary Collier (Hawes) or Apphia (Quicke) Freeman (Stratton). Both possible. (Sarah Prence)
4. Margery Holbrooke (1555): Davis makes her the first wife's child, which would make Edith William's stepmother. No mother link for now. (Margery Holbrooke)
5. Births of the children of John (1650) and John (1686) are cited to the Scituate vital records, but the master tree gives no page numbers. Check the pages.
6. Smaller date conflicts are in each page's open questions: Nicholas Bennett's burial, Experience Holbrook (Jan or Feb 1677), Thomas (1712 or 1713), Horace (June or Jan 1863), and Elizabeth or Grace, Capt. John's daughter.

From Mollie's typescript (9 October 2026)

Found while linking the typescript's passages to people's pages (books/mollie/people.yaml). Her date for Richard B. Holbrook Jr.'s death, Harriet's death and Nancy Ellis's Bible date were already settled or noted (7 October); these were not. The pages are unchanged.

7. Smaller differences, the typescript against the pages: David Low (1667) died "June 2, 1740[?]" (scan 93) against 1746 in the Ipswich record; Mercy Rider born 16 Nov (scan 67) against 14 Nov in the Plymouth record; Eliphalet Holbrook (1828) "purchased the rights of the other heirs" (scan 13), where Elisha's page has Elisha buying out his brothers and sisters; and Gideon's daughter who married Robert Davie is Hannah in the typescript (scans 4, 13), Harriet in the archive.
8. Two pages corrected (9 Oct 2026): Lydia Messer's page quotes scan 221 ("a widow, the daughter of Thomas Messer of Sheepscote"), and Hopestill Foster's gives both readings of her faint "S.E." or "S.W."

Mollie (Holbrook) Pfeiffer and her family (11 October 2026)

From the records gathered for the thread "Who was Mollie Frances?" (Who was Mollie Frances?). The pages use the first reading in each and note the others.

9. Mollie's birth: 4 Dec 1870 (her delayed birth certificate of 1930, on Horace's word; the 1900 census, "Dec 1870"; her typescript), used; or about January 1871 (the 1871 territorial census, taken in April: three months old, born "Jan" within the year). Her death certificate and obituary give 4 Dec 1861, and her gravestone 1870 and 1952 (she died in 1954).
10. Emil Pfeiffer's death: 25 Nov 1934 (his death certificate, filed the next day), used; 3 Dec 1934 in the Harvard class bulletin of 1935; 1935 on his memorial stone at Sunnyside.
11. Alice (Pfeiffer) Forrester's birth and death: born 25 Aug 1899 (the Tacoma register), used, or 24 Aug (the Harvard bulletin); died at Oak Harbor (the Island County death-notice index), used, or Coupeville (the FamilySearch tree).
12. Mollie at Oberlin? The Oberlin General Catalogue lists "Frances Holbrook (Mrs. Charles E. Pfeiffer)," enrolled 1893-95, "fr. Boston." Possible only; not on her page as a fact.
13. The 1918 copyright entries for "Pfeiffer (Frances H.) Seattle" (a statuette and a wartime print): probably hers, not used as a residence.

Richard Clifford Holbrook (11 October 2026)

From his obituary in the Arkansas Gazette, 3 Dec 1955 ("Former Navy Officer At Shumaker Dies," Arkansas Gazette, Little Rock, 3 Dec 1955, p. 5A).

14. His death date. Settled 11 October 2026: 30 Nov 1955 kept (Research decisions).
15. His birthplace. Settled 11 October 2026: Tacoma.
16. His rank. Settled 11 October 2026: captain, USNR, commanding the 130th Seabee Battalion.

Freeman-Ellis and Warren

1. Mercy, wife of Lt. Matthias Ellis, as Mercy Nye (research task): probable only, and every Nye and Tupper file depends on it. Filed as Mercy Ellis. The same applies to Mary Churchill (probably a Bryant) and Thankful Bennett (Sproat?).
2. Phebe Stephens's father: no record names him. Davis does, and the records support it. Labelled compiled, probable. (Phebe Stephens)
3. Mary, wife of Edward Perry: Edmund Freeman's daughter, or was Perry his stepson? Possible.
4. Edward Stephens Jr.'s death: c. 1789 (master tree) or 9 Apr 1788 (gravestone, Warren file). Used 1788.
5. William Harlow (b. 1692) and Mercy Rider: gravestone dates (1751, 1772) used over the master tree's "bef. 1765" and "unverified."
6. John Rider's birth: 3 June 1663 (compiled) or about 1664 (deposition). Used about 1664.
7. John Hodsoll: his burial (20 Nov 1617) is after his will was proved (16 Nov 1617). One date is probably misread.
8. Elizabeth (Freeman) Ellis's death: "probably 24 June 1692," or "after 1692."
9. Phebe Stephens's death: 24 Nov 1789, stated as fact in the Warren file but "probably" in the master tree. Used probable.
10. Edward Stephens of Marshfield is listed but never linked to Edward Stephens (b. about 1680).

Low and Tyler-Ginn

1. Harriet Lowe's birth year and 2. Capt. Nathan Low's death: settled 6 October 2026 by the Low master research (Research decisions). Harriet was born 12 June 1834 (Deer Isle town record, 1850 census, death certificate), and the man who died on 17 Sept 1874 was Capt. Nathan (his widow's probate petition). Who "B. F. Law," the Paragon's master, was stays a question on Nathan Low.
2. Mary (Foster) Thompson's father (research task): John Foster married about five years after she was born. Possible, and the whole Foster, Kneeland, Briscoe, Bate and Bigg side depends on it. The Deer Isle families typescript adds her children's birth dates but nothing on her parents. (Mary Foster)
3. Sally Ginn's father (research task): Capt. James Ginn (Mollie, WikiTree) or "William H. Ginn of Ellsworth" (Brigham). James recorded as possible, and the whole Ginn side depends on it. (Sally Ginn)
4. Mary Capron's mother: an unnamed Callender daughter, Elizabeth Callender (Mollie) or Elizabeth Blackington (Holden). Left out. (Banfield Capron)
5. Abigail Low of Fitchburg: Major Nathan's sister, or (by Caleb Low's will) his aunt? Nathan of Boxford's will (1803) names no daughter Abigail.
6. Caleb Lamb: born 9 Apr 1641 to Thomas and Dorothy, or 27 Nov 1639 to Thomas's first wife Elizabeth, who was buried the next day after "child birth"?
7. Capt. Daniel Read (c. 1716) and the son Daniell born 1713: possibly one man. Kept as two.
8. Mary Green's father: Samuel Green Jr. (Kneeland) or Sr. (Savage's dates). Checked 12 Oct 2026 in the King Philip's War research: the "Saml. Kneeland, gr. son" who claimed Samuel Pollard's Narragansett right in 1733 (Bodge, p. 431) looked at first like a sign that Mary Kneeland was a Pollard, but he was the printer's cousin Samuel (b. 26 Apr 1697), eldest son of Solomon Kneeland and Mary Pollard, Pollard's "heir-at-law" (Kneeland 1897, p. 67). The question stays as it was.
9. Smaller conflicts in open questions: Patience Bigg's age, Rachel Kneeland's death, Lucy Lord's birth (25 Aug 1746 in her Bible, baptized 30 Aug 1747), Abigail (Varney) Low recorded as "Catharine" (in the Ipswich VR and in Rev. John Cleaveland's list), Ebenezer Tyler's birth and marriage, Damaris Tree's death, Experience Stanwood's birth, the 1788 Ginn child ("Peleg," "Pelia?" or "Polly"), Thomas Millett's death. New with the Low master research: Mary (Foster) Thompson's death (1836, aged 91, in Hosmer; "March -- 1837" in the Deer Isle record the typescript quotes), Thomas Thompson's (about 1824 in Hosmer, but taxed to 1826), Hannah (Tyler) Low's death day (9 Apr 1886 in the Massachusetts record, used; 8 Apr in the 1887 power of attorney; 7 Apr on Find a Grave), Thomas T. Low's birth (8 Oct 1802 in the town record, used; 28 Oct 1801 on Find a Grave), Lucetta (Low) Nason's (1846 in the town record; 1855 on Find a Grave). Where Mollie married Emil Pfeiffer in 1898 (settled 11 Oct 2026 by the register images: at Boston, by a minister whose address was 28 Glenarm Street, Dorchester, which fits her typescript's "at Dorchester ... Glenarm St"; the Cambridge index is the copy entered in the groom's city).

Collins, Bruner and Clifford

1. Meredith Collins's father: John Collins, with Samuel as the alternative, both possible. (Meredith Collins)
2. One John Collins or two: Heinegg's John (b. say 1736) can hardly be the landholder of
   1751. Treated as one man, as in the master tree. (John Collins)
3. Labels on two key links: Mary Elizabeth's parents (marked proven, as the research treats them) and Jesse's father (probable). No single record names either. Confirm.
4. Eli Bruner's death: 27 Jul 1879, Colorado City (newer main file) used over "between 1870 and 1880" (Bruner file).
5. Henry Hickman Bruner's death: Tennessee 1874 (unsourced) or Arkansas (an 1886 sketch of his probable son David). Both recorded.
6. Adam Peter Bruner and Elizabeth Rice have no source at all. Possible.
7. Smaller: Edward "Ned"'s birth (c. 1804 or 1796-1802), Orlando H. Clifford's age and his wife in 1860 (Elizabeth, not Delila), the Dunlap chronology (now with the 1893 marriage to John Dunlap at Delta, Colorado; how the Davis marriage ended is open), Georgia Ann Bruner's birth, "mother of eleven" with ten named.
8. Matilda (Collins) Davis's birth year. Settled 11 October 2026: 1831, from her death certificate (Research decisions).
9. Eli W. Clifford's wife (11 October 2026): "Gertrude" on his death certificate; "Mrs. Mary E. Cavey [?]" in the 1902 report of his marriage at Aztec; "Mary Gertrude Craig" in the Ancestry tree that posted it. One woman or two? (Eli Woodrie Clifford) Left open, 11 October 2026.
10. Hickman Bruner and Sarah Bridges in the 1890s? (11 October 2026) A photograph posted as the two shows an elderly couple, the woman in a dress of the 1890s, while the master tree's death years are 1874 and 1873, both unsourced. Either they lived longer or the photograph is of someone else. (Henry Hickman Bruner, Sarah Ann Bridges)

Reed

1. Where James Reed died (research task): the Morgan reading (bef. 6 Jan 1845, Morgan Co, Indiana) is recorded as probable, as the addendum leans; the Clay reading (c. 1841) is in his notes. (James Reed)
2. James's wife as Susannah holds only under the Morgan reading. No record names Mary's mother, so Mary's mother link is inferred, probable.
3. The second son in James's will: John (Robbins, JoEllen Reed) or James (her typed transcription). John Reed stands for whichever.
4. Patsy Reed linked to Stephen Reed Jr. as possible, with James (Attride) as the alternative. The book still calls her Mary's sister. (Martha Reed)
5. How [S] was mapped: transcripts, abstracts and indexes became documented; Attride, Heinegg, JoEllen Reed's notes and WikiTree became compiled. Worth a look.
6. Smaller: Mary's death "c. 1852 (bef. 1856)" has no stated basis; Benjamin and Tilford's birth years have no named census; Randolph's c. 1803 is from an online tree; Elisha and Esther's wedding date is left out because the records conflict.

Ellingwood

1. Dick and Frances's wedding day: 26 Mar 1955, Seattle (Collins-Reed master tree and the Ancestry tree) or "March 19, 1955" in the church on the University of Washington campus (Cudge's memoir, p. I31). A Tacoma paper indexed the wedding on 20 March, which favours the 19th; the King County record (kingcoarchmc203227) would settle it. (frances-holbrook-1931)
2. Ruth Short's parents. Settled 10 Oct 2026: her birth registration (Woodstock, 1893) names John G. Short and Mary Pattullo (Ontario birth registration, Ruth Ethelwyn Short, Woodstock, 1893).
3. Jennie Elliott's middle name: "Libelia" as read in the memoir's handwriting, or "Sibelia" as Jordan remembers it. The Ancestry tree has "Jennie S.", from the records, which favours Sibelia.
4. Records to look up: research/gedcom/ancestry-lookups.md keeps the running list (Finley's parents and Israel's birth are found; Anna Mary Paulson's Swedish origins are an open case in research/paulson/).

McMillan

1. Lucile's first marriage, to Harold Oscar Smith (Tacoma, 5 Sep 1925), is new from the Ancestry tree, with the marriage record attached. Anything the family remembers?

Dwyer, Flynn, Hatten, Kuchenmeister (the mother's side)

1. Theresa (Panian) Kuchenmeister's death: 8 May 1966 at Rice Lake (the Ancestry tree) or 7 February 1966, her husband's birthday (the family history page in the Gallery).
2. Her mother's name: Anna Maria Haberkorn (the tree; the Zell caption) or "Mary Habercorn" (the family history page).
3. Namesakes' records in the Ancestry tree and 4. Cornelius Dwyer's brothers and sisters: settled 5 October 2026 by the Dwyer research file (Research decisions): John Dwyer and Mary Ryan's children are the seven of the 1860-1880 censuses; the merged Rice County family and the Kilkenny ancestry are removed.
4. The held generations with sources attached (Capt. John Holdershaw and his Shaw and Knowles forebears, from Hufbauer's Knowles genealogy; Sarah Soule): bring them in, or keep holding? (research/gedcom/report-siblings.md; its third candidate, Sven Larsson Hall, heads the Riseberga ancestry ruled out on 5 Oct 2026, so is no longer one.)

From the Notable connections research (6 October 2026)

The Flynns of Emily Township: research report (October 2026) and Notable connections: the Dwyer and Tisdell/Connelly side of Jerome Edwin Dwyer (1939-2015). Nothing below has been changed in the data; each page shows both readings or keeps the old one.

6. James Murray Flynn's birth year: 21 Aug 1846 (Find a Grave; his page) or 1847? His baptism was 26 Sept 1847; the 1851 census makes him 4 at his next birthday and the 1861 census 13; he enlisted in October 1865 "aged 18." All fit August 1847 better. The baptism image (FamilySearch 1:1:6ZJF-9X2F) may give the birth date.
7. William Flynn's death: 12 October 1826 (the Ancestry tree; his page) or 12 September 1826 (the Peter Robinson list: "Died in Emily 12 Sept./26")?
8. Ann (Murray) Flynn's birth: 1809 (the tree; Find a Grave; her page) or about 1813-14 (the 1851 and 1861 censuses)?
9. Henry Tisdell's land at Birch Cooley: a homestead on section 16 (the county history, vol. II, Edward's biography) or a homestead on section 10 and land bought on section 16 (vol. I, Thomas's)? Section 16 was state school land, sold rather than homesteaded, which favours vol. I. His page now gives both. The volumes also differ on his arrival (1852 or 1858) and the marriage year (1859 or 1860; the Missouri index has 22 May 1860).
10. Edwin and Winifred Dwyer's house: 5605 6th Ave. S.W. (the 1942 draft card as read, and the obituary summary) or N.W. (the directories, 1966-1985; St. Alphonsus, their parish, is in Ballard)? Worth re-reading the card.
11. When the Edwin C. Dwyer Co. began. The ruling of 5 October keeps 1935, from his obituary. New records sit awkwardly with it: the 1940 census calls him a mechanic, and his 1942 card names the Harry W. Brintnall Co. (bookbinding machinery) as his employer. The company is on record as his own from 1950. Keep 1935, or say "by 1950"?
12. Capt. Edgar J. Boudinot Jr., USN, is added to Notable connections as a probable son of Agnes (Dwyer) Boudinot (the 1943 directory, his Turlock birth, a daughter named Jessica Lenore). Does the family remember him? His California birth record would prove it.

From the Hatten research: Kuchenmeister, Panian, Haberkorn (7 October 2026)

Patricia Hatten's maternal line: Kuchenmeister, Borrell, Panian, Mihelič, Haberkorn, Lang. Links that records now prove or support were raised (the Stari trg registers prove the Panian, Mihelič, Schneller and Spreitzer steps; the 1922 Barron County biographies make the Kuchenmeister, Borrell and Haberkorn steps probable). The dates below were not changed; each page shows both readings. One answer could settle them all: take the records' dates?

13. George Panian's death: 30 Oct 1921 at Almena (Find a Grave; his page) or 30 Sept 1921 at a St. Paul hospital, buried at Almena 4 Oct (the Duluth Herald of 4 Oct 1921; the 1922 county history)?
14. Georg Panian (1827)'s death: 20 Sept 1856 (the tree) or 9 Oct 1856, buried 11 Oct (the parish death register)? His marriage, "c. 1850" in the tree, was changed to 12 Feb 1849 from the register, since it only refines an estimate.
15. Marjeta Sneler's birth and death places: the tree's Dol pri Borovnici (near Ljubljana) and "Stari Trg, Slovenj Gradec" (in Styria) look like a namesake's; the registers call her Margaretha Schneller of Stari trg ob Kolpi. Drop the places?
16. Frank Kuchenmeister's birth: 25 Nov 1848 (the tree) or 26 Nov 1844 (the 1922 biography; aged 25 in 1870; his son Jacob born 1866)? He also had a first wife, Barbara Blatz, with four children (Frank, Jacob, Ben, John), now named on his page. Give them pages?
17. Johann Kuchenmeister's birth: 18 Aug 1818 (the tree) or about 1822-23 ("age 73" at his death in March 1896)? The Delano Eagle's notice (12 Mar 1896, found 11 Oct 2026) has him "in his 79th year," so born March 1817 to March 1818, close to the tree's date, and in Minnesota "about 38 years," since about 1858.
18. When the Kuchenmeisters reached Minnesota: 1869 (the 1922 biography) or by about 1865 (Jacob born there in 1866; John among the builders of the church finished in 1865)? No date is on the pages yet.
19. George Haberkorn's birth: 16 Aug 1827 (the tree) or 13 Aug (the 1894 biography)? Adam Haberkorn's death: 13 Apr 1889 (the tree) or 1890 (the National Register nomination)? The 1894 biography's statement that Adam and Eve never left Germany is contradicted by the nomination and the 1852 parish; the pages keep the nomination's account.
20. The move to Zell: about 1882 (the family history page, the Gallery caption) or 1883 or after (Rose Panian was born in Minnesota in March 1883)?
21. Item 2 above, Theresa's mother's name: every source of 1894-1922 calls her Mary; the research takes Anna Maria and Mary to be one woman. Write her as "Anna Maria (Mary) Haberkorn"?

From the Hatten research: Browne, Chapin, Cumins (7 October 2026)

Patricia Hatten's Browne–Chapin side: the pedigree, notable ancestors and famous kin.

22. Was Henrietta (Browne) Hatten the daughter of Edward Browne and Ella Chapin? The tree says so but attaches no record. The Chapin Book (1924), compiled in Ella's lifetime, gives her marriage and "Children: BROWNE. No issue"; Kith and Kin (1922), which Ella helped with, lists no child; the 1899 and 1904 Blue Books list no daughter. Henrietta may have been adopted or a ward, or the tree may have joined her to the wrong Brownes. Does the family know? Her 1964 death certificate or her marriage to Ralph Hatten would settle it (ancestry-lookups.md, Hatten line). Held until then: Ella's notable ancestors (Maj. James Converse, Maj. Amos Walbridge, Capt. Abel Brace, Col. Israel Converse, Deacon Samuel Chapin, William Pynchon) and famous kin (Gov. Julius Converse, Charles Loring Brace, J. P. Morgan, Roy D. Chapin, Harry Chapin, Presidents Cleveland and Taft, Harriet Beecher Stowe, T. S. Eliot, Thomas Pynchon, E. E. Cummings, R. B. Bennett). They would otherwise show as Patricia's. Nothing is changed on Henrietta's page but the open question.
23. Marion (Cumins) Chapin's death: "bef. 1900, Cook, Illinois" (the tree) or 9 Dec 1889, at Wausau, Wisconsin (The Chapin Book; Kith and Kin)? Dr. Marvin Chapin's death place: Chicago (the tree; The Chapin Book) or Lake Park, near Lake Forest, at Ella's home (his obituary)? Col. Israel Converse's death: 28 May (the tree) or 28 March 1806 (Kith and Kin)? Hannah Walbridge's birth: 1751 (the tree; the DAR) or 11 Oct 1752 (the Stafford town records)? (Hannah Converse's mother was renamed from "Hannah Converse," her married name, to Hannah Walbridge.)
24. Bring in Ella's researched ancestors? Done 8 October 2026 under the ruling that researched generations become pages: 59 pages for Ella's Chapin, Munn, Hitchcock, Sheldon, Whiting, Pynchon, Wyllys, Brace, Cummings, Kendall, Converse, Walbridge and Porter ancestors. They are Ella's ancestry whatever item 22 decides; the connections through them stay held until it is decided. New since the research: Amos Kendall, Jackson's Postmaster General, was a nephew of Deborah (Kendall) Cummings, Lt. Jerahmeel Cummings's wife (she was his father's sister), and his autobiography has him climbing Mount Ascutney with his Cummings cousins; E. E. Cummings falls to possible (the Leonard Cummings step is Kith and Kin's alone). Lt. Josiah Converse's parents are kept as Capt. Josiah and Hannah (Sawyer) Converse (probable), with John and Abigail (Sawyer) Converse as the other reading (the Richardson Memorial); both lead to the same Sawyer ancestry. Jerahmeel Cummings's birth (1750 or 1749), marriage (30 Apr or 13 May 1771) and death place, and Maj. Amos Walbridge's birth (1727, the town records; 1724, Kith and Kin) are noted on the pages.

From the Hatten research: Hatten, Philbrick, Marvin, Allee, Sawdy (8 October 2026)

Notable connections of Patricia Hatten (1940-2009): the paternal Hatten line and Patricia Hatten through Sarah Edith Allee: Allee, Sawdy, Soule, Sargent. Raised from the records: Patricia's parents and Jack's mother (the 1950 census, proven); Ralph and Sarah Ann (Philbrick) Hatten's marriage, 1847, and Thomas Hatten's and Ruth Marvin's later marriages (the Jackson County marriage index); Thomas J. Hatten's and Sarah Ann's parents (probable).

25. Everything above Ralph A. Hatten rests on the tree's word for his parents (possible). Nothing contradicts it; the Jamestown Weekly Alert has a Thomas J. Hatten with business at Northfield and his wife going to Seattle. His 1934 death certificate would settle it. Added as possible meanwhile: the Marvin-Mather famous kin (Stephen Tyng Mather, Increase and Cotton Mather, Rev. Moses Mather, Dudley Marvin, Bishop Enoch Mather Marvin, Gen. Elihu Marvin, William and Richard P. Marvin, Edmund Kirby Smith, Rev. Nicholas Noyes), Patricia's lines to Rev. John Wise and Seth Low, Sybil (Sawdy) Allee as a notable ancestor, and the Small world story "Joseph Wise's daughters" (Frances and Patricia ninth cousins, once removed). Each says what it rests on.
26. Ruth Marvin's parents: Pickett Marvin and Polly Warth are named on her page as probable (inferred). No record names her as Pickett's daughter; his 1853 estate would.
27. Bring in the Marvin-Mather generations? Done 8 October 2026 under the ruling that researched generations become pages (Research decisions): 35 pages, each resting on items 25-26 as its line says. The old question was: Pickett Marvin, Capt. Timothy Marvin, Capt. Elisha Marvin and Catharine Mather, Capt. Timothy Mather and Sarah Noyes, Richard Mather and Katherine Wise (Joseph Wise's daughter, so the Hatten and Low lines would join in the data), and above them the Noyeses, Picketts and Elder William Brewster of the Mayflower, Rev. Richard Mather and Humphrey Atherton. They are well documented above Pickett; with pages they could be notable ancestors. Better after item 26.
28. "William Allee" is Walter Allee. Settled 8 October 2026: renamed Walter Allee, and Emery Delos Allee moved to Albert's family (Research decisions).
29. Sybil Sawdy's mother, and the Soule descent: held. The tree makes her Sarah Soule, daughter of Jacob Soule; that would give a Mayflower line from George Soule and famous kin through the Soules, Holmeses and Bordens (Abraham Lincoln, Sir Robert Borden, Gail Borden, Lizzie Borden, Silas Soule, Oliver Hazard and Matthew C. Perry). But no record names Sybil's parents, the Mayflower Society's volume gives Jacob's daughter Sarah a husband William Sawdey, not Silas, and Sarah Allee's own parentage is from the tree alone. Fiske's Sawdy article (NEHGR 148) is the deciding source. Nothing is added until then.
30. Dates: Ralph Hatten (1815), born 25 Jul or 30 Jun 1815, died 20 Aug or 25 Jul 1895 (tree or WikiTree; his headstone would settle both); Thomas Hatten (1787), died 6 Oct 1865 at Eudora, Kansas (Find a Grave) or 30 Jul 1867 in Jackson County (WikiTree); Ruth Marvin, died 1891 or 1897; Sarah Soule, died 1801 (the tree) though named in her father's will of 1807. The pages keep the tree's dates with the others noted.
31. From the Marvin-Mather pages (8 October 2026): Timothy Mather's wife is Elizabeth in the archive and Catharine in some compilations (Elizabeth Atherton; Humphrey Atherton's Suffolk probate would settle it); Rev. Moses Noyes died 10 Nov 1729 (the page) or 1726 (Noyes 1889); Katherine (Wise) Mather's death, 12 Sept 1686, is WikiTree's only and may be a confusion with her father's (possible).

From the Holbrook-side research: McMillan, Humphrey, Bell (8 October 2026)

McMillan, Humphrey-Enos and Bell-Gerow: Notable Connections Research. Brought in as pages (Jordan, 8 Oct 2026: "fill out the remaining lines"): William McMillan and Penuel MacDougall, her parents John MacDougall the bard and Euphemia Bethune; Joseph Humphrey and Hannah Enos, Ebenezer Humphrey and Lucy Robbins; the Enoses, Enos, Bissells and Holcombes of Windsor back to James Eno the barber, John Bissell and Thomas Holcombe (compiled from Stiles and the History of Union, so probable at most). Famous kin through them are marked probable.

31. Hannah Phelps, Sgt. James Enos's second wife: Stiles makes her a daughter of Lt. Timothy Phelps (disproven by the Phelps genealogy) or of Joseph Phelps; WikiTree makes her Hannah Birge, widow of Benjamin Phelps. Left as a name. Richardson's Eno and Enos Family (1973) may settle it.
32. Dates left open: Joseph Humphrey's death (1864, Humphreys; 6 Sept 1866, FamilySearch); Hannah Enos's birth (31 May 1781, Union; "Aug. 1781," Humphreys); Sgt. James Enos's death (22 May 1762, Union; 1764, Stiles); James Eno the barber's death (1 July, 11 June or 11 July 1682); Samuel Bissell's death (17 May 1697/8, Stiles; 3 Dec 1700, WikiTree).
33. Abigail Keyes's maiden name: the master research rated FamilySearch's "Abigail Chaffe" disproven; "Keyes of Ashford" may be a widow's name, so Chaffee is possible, not disproven.
34. Sarah Gerow's parents (Daniel A. Gerow and Anna Hammond) stay possible: nothing yet ties Sarah Giraud "of Manchester," Ontario County, to the Dutchess County Gerows. The Giraud-Gerow Family in America would.
35. Lucile McMillan "the only child"? Her page says so, but the 1930 census has an "Alice McMillan," 2, entered as a daughter in Alfred and Florence's household. Who was she?

From the Holbrook-side research: Frost, Underhill, Fairchild, Raymond, Woodworth (8 October 2026)

The Long Island Quaker families of the Frost line and Notable connections of Frances Fairchild Holbrook: the Fairchild branch and the families that married in, brought in as pages the same day. Everything above Jonathan Fairchild of East Jewett rests on his link to Thomas Fairchild of Norwalk and Ann Raymond, which is possible (his gravestone's age at death fits a birth about 1748, not the Norwalk birth of 1744). The famous kin through it (Lucius, James Harris, David, Charles S., George W. and Sherman Fairchild, Henry J. Raymond and the Perry commodores) are marked possible; Samuel Woodworth the poet, through the Woodworths, is probable and does not depend on it.

37. Sarah Stockbridge's father: John or Charles? Deane's Woodworth sketch calls Joseph Woodworth's wife "Sarah, daughter of Charles Stockbridge"; his Stockbridge sketch makes her John's daughter Sarah, born 1645, and John's will of 1657 leaves "daughter Sarah 10£ at marriage." Charles's own Sarah was born in 1665 and married Israel Turner. The page links John (inferred, probable) with Charles as the alternative; the research had held both as possible. Agree?
38. Josiah Clawson has a page, though the research suggested holding him: Catherine (Clawson) Fairchild's link to him is rated probable, and the deed's "Isiah" is taken to be Beers's "Josiah" (inferred). Keep?
39. Readings kept open, both on the pages: Jonathan Fairchild's age (1744, Norwalk; about 1748 from his gravestone; about 1751 in the East Kill Valley Genealogy); Catherine (Clawson) Fairchild's death, 1831 (gravestone) or 1834 (Plume), and a daughter "Marietta b. 6 Aug 1831" in Gilmore that can't fit the 1831 death; Lemuel Woodworth's birth, 1772 or 1778; John Fairchild's, 1802 or 1803; Adeline Fairchild's marriage, 1849 or 1850; Mary Coley's baptism, 15 Aug or 5 Dec 1703; Samuel Raymond's birth, 1673 or about 1672; Thomas Fairchild's second wife, Katherine Cragg (Colony Records) or Craig (Gilmore), and his inventory, £160 10s or £350.
40. Samuel Woodworth's grandmother: Mary Vinal (Deane) or Hannah Cudworth (the Woodworth Records, 1898); and Joseph Woodworth's daughter who married Stephen Vinal Jr. in 1704 is Mary in Deane and Margaret in the Records. The poet's line is the same length either way.
41. Mercy Dickinson's birth and her parents' wedding (Underhill Genealogy: married "March 5, 1733", she born the 20th of the 6th month 1733) can't both be right; the Purchase or Shrewsbury Friends' records would show. The Frost-side pages also note the Quaker months the Frost Genealogy turned into calendar months wrongly.

Ellingwood (October 2026, from Jordan's lookups)

From the Notable connections research (7 October 2026; Ellingwood line: notable kin, in-laws and new material (research report)):

• Martha Rowlandson and Mary Rowlandson. The Family Tree file, the Chapter Two note and Martha's page said no connection to Rev. Joseph Rowlandson had been found. The new research makes Martha a daughter of Thomas Rowlandson of Salisbury (her birth, 1666, and a 1706 estate agreement naming "Ralph Elenwood and Martha his wife" among his children) and Thomas a brother of Rev. Joseph (Savage, Hoyt; his son killed at Lancaster in 1676 as "nephew of the minister"). Martha's page and Notable connections now give this as probable, and the Ellingwood chapter's note 16 is out of date. Agree?
• Finley's chemistry chair: 1884-1898 (his 1919 title page) or to 1900 (the research file).
• Robert Hitchborne's birth: 20 Nov 1740 (Ellis 1955; DAR) is the birth; 28 Mar 1742 is his baptism at the Brick Church (Cutter), not a second birth date.

From the research on the wives' families (Ellingwood line: the wives' families (Pattullo and Short, Adams and Deyoe, Rice and Sylvester); the full table of sixteen is there). Nothing changed in the data; the pages note the new readings:

• Rufus Rice's death: 28 Sep 1840, Whiteside County, Illinois (the tree; his page), or 1840 at Manchester, Dearborn County, Indiana (the 1840 census there; buried at Old Hogan Hill; his 1846 Dearborn estate)? His birth was at Freeport, Maine, 16 Jul 1794, not Scarborough or Durham, and his wife Mary was a Sylvester (married at Durham, 10 Oct 1819).
• Jane Maria (Deyoe) Adams's birth: 4 Jul 1803, Saratoga Springs (the tree, from her gravestone) or 4 Jul 1808/9 at Pittstown (the Deyo genealogy and the censuses)? Her father Peter J. Deyoe: born 2 Nov 1787 at Pittstown (the genealogy) or 1786 at Schaghticoke (the tree).
• Birthplaces: John Gerald Short probably at Newcastle, Durham County, where his father was postmaster, not Woodstock (settled 10 Oct 2026: "Newcastle, Ont." on his marriage registration); Charles F. Elliott at East Canaan, Connecticut ("New Cannon" in the tree); Susan Adams at Wilton, not Saratoga Springs; Mary Pattullo's birth 17 Jul or 17 Sep 1852 (the 1900 census, "Sept.," favours September); James Rice buried at Yarmouth, not Scarborough.
• Ruth Short's ancestry: the FamilySearch tree compared (10 Oct 2026, Ruth Short's ancestry: the archive, the Ancestry tree, WikiTree and FamilySearch compared; followed in How far back can Ruth Short's Scottish and English ancestry be proven?). Updated the same afternoon from Jordan's records and Find a Grave finds:
  • John Short and Mary Jeffrey's marriage: Cobourg or "Clarington"? Cobourg is favoured: their daughter Jane was born there in November 1836 (the family gravestone). The page says Cobourg, compiled, probable.
  • John Short's birthplace. Settled by his gravestone: Rugley, Northumberland, England.
  • Alexander Pattullo's birthplace. Settled by his gravestone: "a native of Dundee."
  • Mary Jeffrey's parents: pages or names? Brought in as pages under the 8 Oct ruling (William Jeffrey, Mary Lyall), the link compiled and probable. "Edna" dropped: her monument says Mary Lyall. Say if you'd rather they were names only.
  • Jane Robson's parents, Thomas Robson and Jean Clark: named, possible. Their stone is at Dixon's Union Cemetery, Caledon, her township, and Find a Grave lists her among their children: raised to probable and brought in as pages (Thomas Robson, Jean Clark) under the 8 Oct ruling.
  • Halkett Pattullo's death: 7 June 1855 (his widow's gravestone at Woodstock; the printed genealogy on Find a Grave; FamilySearch) or 1865 (Bourdon; WikiTree; the Find a Grave header). The page now has 1855. The 1861 census of Blenheim Township would settle it.
  • The Jeffrey and Lyall generations above William and Mary (FamilySearch, WikiTree): held as questions, not pages. Agree?
  • John G. Short's birth year: 22 Dec 1845 (his death certificate, his daughter the informant; his grave marker at Spokane; the Ancestry tree) or December 1847 (the 1900 census; 31 at his marriage in Nov 1879). The page keeps 1845 with the conflict in its note. The 1851 census would show.
  • Pages for the brothers and sisters? Ruled 10 Oct 2026 (Research decisions): pages for all of them, John G. Short's, Mary Jeffrey's, Jane Robson's, Mary Pattullo's and Halkett's.
  • Andrew Jeffrey's birthplace: Foulden (his gravestone) or Swinton (his obituary, Cobourg Sentinel, 1 Aug 1863), both in Berwickshire. The page keeps Foulden, where his sister Isabella was baptised in 1801.
  • Andrew Pattullo's death: 29 Dec 1903 (the Legislative Assembly's record; Wikipedia) or 28 Nov 1903 (WikiTree), in London, England. The page has 29 Dec. A London death registration or the Sentinel-Review would settle it.
  • William Jeffrey (1802-1879) of King Township: a son of William Jeffrey and Mary Lyall (Find a Grave; Skinner) or not (family researchers, as WikiTree has it)? Graham's "five children, one boy and four girls" are Andrew, Isabella, Jean, Catharine and Mary, without him. His page links him as possible.
  • Jean Watson's birth: 1768-69 (aged 83 at her death, on her gravestone; FamilySearch) or 5 May 1771 (the Prestonpans baptism WikiTree gives her, daughter of James Watson and Jean Dickson). The page has "between 1768 and 1771" and no parents.
• Importing the researched colonial generations. The held generations (item 5 above) are now researched behind four of Dick's ancestors, and importing them would let their stories and their famous cousins show up through the people files:
  • Sarah Woodbury: William Woodbury, Thomas Woodbury, Humphrey Woodbury and John Woodbury, the Old Planter of 1626-28 (probable to proven; Ellingwood_Woodbury_Rand.md);
  • Susanna Rand: Robert Rand the joiner, Robert Rand of Lynn, the Ivorys and the Cheevers (the tree's Rand and Cheever fathers are wrong);
  • Jane Deyoe: Peter J. Deyoe, James Deyoe, Peter Deyo (1739), Jacobus, Christian, and Pierre and Chrétien Deyo, patentees of New Paltz in 1677 (probable);
  • Martha Rowlandson: Thomas Rowlandson of Salisbury and Dorothy Portland (her father proven).
  • Corrections to the held generations (Ellingwood_Woodbury_Rand.md): the tree's Robert Rand "b. 1684, Charlestown" and wife "Elizabeth Welch" belong to a different Robert Rand (Susanna's father was born at Lynn in 1686 to Robert Rand Jr. and Tabitha Ivory); Richard Cheever was the nephew of Bartholomew Cheever, not the son of Daniel of Cambridge, so Susanna does not descend from Ezekiel Cheever; and the Mulberry-Everton ancestry for Sarah Slater is disproven, since Susanna Mulberry married Malachy Salter of Halifax ("Slater" was a misreading).
  • Brought in, 8 October 2026, under the ruling that researched generations become pages: all four of the lines above (62 pages), with Hope Holdershaw's Cole, Snow, Hopkins and Nickerson ancestry, the Pattullos and Shorts, and the Sylvesters. Mary (Sylvester) Rice's page is now Mary Sylvester. Weaker steps to watch: Alexander Pattullo and Jean Watson are named only on WikiTree, and John Short and Mary Jeffrey on WikiTree citing Skinner (both compiled, probable; lower to possible?).
  • New discrepancies from those pages: Peter J. Deyoe was born 2 Nov 1787, but James Deyoe married Maria Cole on 3 Mar 1788 (so his mother is left unknown); the 1725 Concord death of "Sarah Wheeler wife of John Wheeler" may not be Sarah Larkin's, whose John died in 1713; Savage's "d. Feb. 1681" for Humphrey Woodbury against his will of 1686; the Rowlandson-Portland marriage, 1654 (Salisbury VR) or 1653 (Hoyt); the Nickerson book's "Mary" Hinckley (the records say Mercy) and its 1768 for Joseph Cole's land sale (the deed is 1764); LeFevre's 1674 Palatinate birth for Christian Deyo against his 1681 baptism.
  • Hope Holdershaw's mother's line was brought in (7 Oct 2026) so that the link through Nathaniel Bassett shows: new pages for Sarah Cole (b. Eastham 1738), Sarah Nickerson (m. 1737) and Sarah Bassett, daughter of Nathaniel Bassett and sister of Mary (Bassett) Mulford. It makes Dick and Frances seventh cousins, once removed (probable; two compiled steps on Dick's side), and brings Humphrey Bogart, Sir Charles Tupper and William Bassett into Dick's connections. Keep? (Ellingwood_Cape_Cod.md)
  • Hope's father, John Holdershaw: the tree's "Capt. John Holdershaw," born 1735 to John Shaw and Martha Knowles, is very probably Capt. John Shaw of Wilbraham, who died in Ohio; John Holdershaw was a corporal and sergeant of Eastham, and his parents are unknown. That also removes the tree's route to the Freemans and Prence. Hannah Brown's parents: the tree's Benjamin Brown and Hannah Russell (of Bethel, Maine) very probably are not hers; the Gorham Hannah (b. 1786 to Benjamin Brown and Sarah Phinney) is possible. Possible famous kin through the Deyos, on hold until then. Checked step by step and brought in, 9 October 2026 (Deyo_Hopkins_Kin.md): Capt. Washington Irving Chambers, Ezra H. Fitch, Rep. Jay LeFevre and Abraham Bruyn Hasbrouck are probable (Kenneth Hasbrouck's Hasbrouck Family in America carries their lines from baptisms, Bibles and gravestones); Laurence H. Snyder is possible (two steps from one online tree). Pierre Deyo as Chrétien's son is proven (the will, the heirs' agreement of 1687 and the 1681 baptism). Still held: Fred and Kate Upton, whose line has two steps with no source (Wikipedia's "Philippus Gumaer" was Philip Swartwout). Every Deyo line is capped at probable by James Deyoe's step.
• Stephen Hopkins's famous kin (9 October 2026, Deyo_Hopkins_Kin.md), all capped at probable by Ruth Snow's step: Robert Treat Paine, signer of the Declaration, through Mary (Snow) Paine (probable); William Standish Knowles, Nobel laureate in chemistry, through a Jesse Cole said to be a son of Joseph Cole and Sarah Nickerson, Hope's grandparents (possible: the Nickerson book doesn't list him; Joseph Cole's Barnstable probate of 1795 would show); Norman Rockwell, Vannevar Bush, Harry Hopkins, Allison Janney and Taylor Swift (possible: their middle steps are FamousKin's only); and extra lines for Charles G. Dawes, Richard Gere and Sarah Palin. Held: Bing Crosby, whose Hopkins line (FamousKin) disagrees with his line already in the archive about his great-grandfather's mother and his father's middle name. Leads not followed: Robert Gould Shaw and John Howard Payne ("Home, Sweet Home") through the Paines, both of whom would be Frances's kin too, through John Freeman and Thomas Prence.

1. Which Ralph was Israel's father? Settled 4 October 2026: Ralph III, from Ralph II's will of 1741 and the 1743 estate division (Research decisions).
2. Elijah's father. The weakest step left on the Ellingwood line: no record names him. Elijah to Richard (1790) and Richard (1790) to Richard of Frankfort are both probable, resting on a family Bible known only from Ruth Gray's 1988 citation, on names and ages, and on the censuses. Kankakee or Dearborn County probate, or the Bible itself, could settle them.
3. Finley's birth year. 1852 by his own account (Who's Who, the memoir), but "4" in the 1860 census with a sister Nancy aged 8.
4. When Dick became president of the company. Settled 8 October 2026: 1960, from the memoir (Research decisions).