King Philip's War: Essex County (and the Eastern war, 1675-78)

Working notes for the research thread. Covers Beverly/Salem, Lynn, Ipswich-Chebacco-Rowley-Andover, Gloucester, Salisbury/Newbury, and the Maine frontier (Wells, Sheepscot). Compiled 12 Oct 2026 from the archive's people/ files, its research notes (CHAPTER TWO RESEARCH FILE, Ellingwood_Woodbury_Rand.md) and the printed sources below, read in the archive.org full texts and checked against the page images where columns or dates mattered.

Tiers: [D] documented (primary record or printed transcript), [C] compiled, [I] inferred, [T] tradition. Confidence: proven / probable / possible / disproven. [?] marks a doubtful reading.

1. Summary

New findings (not in the archive):

1. Capt. William Dodge (1640-1720), Hannah Woodbury's brother, rode in Prentice's troop at the Great Swamp Fight: "Troopers belonging to Capt. Curwin ... William Dodge (Jr,)" (Mass. Archives 68; Bodge pp. 82-83). On 21 Jan 1675/6 "one W. Dodge of Salem ... saved the Life of one Friend, and slew two of his Enemies" (Hubbard 1677, Drake ed. 1:163). [D]; identification probable.
2. Richard Post, first husband of Mary Tyler (Job's daughter), was killed at Mendon on 14 July 1675, the first blood of the war in Massachusetts Bay (Brigham 1:23-24; Drake's note to Hubbard 1:86) [C] probable. The Nipmuc leader was Matoonas (Hubbard 1:260-261). The Tylers and Rev. Joseph Emerson (Elizabeth Emerson's brother) fled Mendon.
3. Samuel Tyler was in Maj. Appleton's own company. The Rowley return of 29 Nov 1675 (Gage pp. 181-182) impresses twelve, "Samuel Tiller" among them, "some ... latly come to town, and want arms"; all are on Appleton's roll as "men yt are now listed" ("Sam. Tyler", 68:97); credited "Samuel Tiler 03 07 08" under Appleton, 24 Mar 1675/6 (Bodge pp. 155-157). Brigham tested: the slain list (68:104) does bracket "Samuel Taylor of Rowley" among "4 men Slayne", and Waters (1905) prints "Samuel Tyler of Rowley" killed; but he was of Rowley Village in 1682 and his son Ebenezer claimed his right in 1733, so the entry is an error for him. "Samuell Taylor of Ipswich" was a different, real man (Denison's letter, 30 Nov 1675). No wound is recorded.
4. Robert Rand's service was the January call to Narragansett and the Hungry March: his £1 10s. of 24 Mar 1675/6 is the five weeks (c. 1 Jan-5 Feb 1676) Bodge infers for Brocklebank's recruits (p. 207, image checked). In the same company: John Burrill, first cousin of his future wife Tabitha Ivory.
5. Three Stanwood brothers served: John (Lancaster garrison; Brocklebank), Philip (Brocklebank) and Samuel (Maj. Waldron, 29 Feb 1675/6; Capt. Poole). All drew Kettle Cove soldiers' lots in 1679/80.
6. John Ellinwood's wound at Wells most likely dates to spring 1677: "Leiut Sweat" is Lt. Benjamin Swett, who "commanded the Garrison" at Wells in April 1677 (Hubbard 2:231-232), was made captain 22 June and killed at Black Point 29 June 1677 (Bodge pp. 343-345). Wells lost men 6, 12, 29 Apr and 23 May 1677.
7. Joseph Safford (husband of Sarah Low) and Joseph Proctor (Abigail Varney's brother) were troopers in Capt. Paige's troop in the Mount Hope campaign, credited 3 Sept 1675 (Bodge p. 86).
8. Thomas Rowlandson Jr., killed at Lancaster 10 Feb 1675/6, may be the "Thomas Rowlinson" credited £2 2s. under Maj. Waldron on 29 Feb 1675/6 (Bodge p. 310) [?] possible.
9. Lydia Messer's Sheepscot was abandoned in August 1676, when a girl escaped from Hammond's and warned "those of Shipscot", who fled "leaving their Cattel and their Dwellings" (Hubbard 2:157-158, 164-165); her father was among the former inhabitants planning resettlement in Boston in 1682 (Cushman p. 66).
10. Sarah (Brown) Noyes's sons James and Moses were Connecticut volunteers (Voluntown lots, Bodge pp. 442-445); James was chaplain on the expedition that took Canonchet (Noyes 1904) [C].

Corrections to the archive:

• The Ellinwoods "in Gardner's company at the Great Swamp Fight" is Stone's (1843) list, built from Gardner's muster (68:93) and the 1733 Beverly grantees; neither brother is on the muster or in Hull's credits. Ralph's service is proven ("Alive ... By himself", Bodge p. 423); the Narragansett campaign probable, Gardner's company and the fight possible-probable. John (16) is possible only; his documented service is the Eastern war. The 1728 grant was for service "in the Narraganset War", not only the fort fight.
• John Stanwood "in garrison at Lancaster 25 Jan 1675/6" misreads a credit date (Bolton p. 31).
• Felt's "John Cogswell, jr., is a prisoner among the Indians" (1676) is wrong: he was in prison for the costs of his suit against his uncle William (Mass. Bay Records 5:126). Disproven.
• The Kettle Cove lots: Babson's "Dec. 16, 1679" is probably the Town Book's "16: 12: 79" = 16 Feb 1679/80.
• Thomas Low's grant ("Jonathan Low on the Right of Thomas Low", no relation stated); no Thomas Low in Hull's credits or Waters' list: which Thomas stays open (the deacon likeliest).

Best crossings: William Bath, the widow Ellinwood's next husband, on Gardner's Beverly muster; Thomas Parlor, on Appleton's roll, certified John Ellinwood's Wells wound in 1701; Lt. Benjamin Swett, credited under Gardner's company for the January recruits, commanded John at Wells; Appleton over both Gardner's company and Samuel Tyler's; Rand, Burrill and two Stanwoods in Brocklebank's company; Woodbury and Dodge brothers-in-law dead together at Bloody Brook.

2. People

URLs: Bodge = https://archive.org/details/soldiersinkingph1906bodg/page/

/mode/1up (printed page numbers work in the viewer). Hubbard = Drake's 1865 edition, vol. 1 historyofindianw01hubb_0, vol. 2 historyofindianw02hubb_0. Waters' viewer leaves run 32 ahead of the printed page (p. 221 = /page/n252).

Beverly and Salem

ralph-ellinwood-1657, Ralph Ellinwood (1657-aft. 1741). Archive: soldier in Capt. Joseph Gardner's Salem company at the Great Swamp Fight, 19 Dec 1675, with his brother John (Stone).

• Narragansett Township No. 3 (Amherst NH), Beverly proprietors, 1730s: "Ralph Elinwood ... (Alive) (By himself)." Bodge p. 423 (https://archive.org/details/soldiersinkingph1906bodg/page/423/mode/1up). [D] proven that he served in the war and claimed in person, aged about 76.
• Stone, History of Beverly (1843) pp. 28-29 lists "Ralph Ellingwood" and "John Ellingwood" among Beverly men "in the expedition against the Indians at fort Narragansett in 1675 ... commanded by Capt. Joseph Gardner." https://archive.org/details/historyofbeverly00ston_0/page/28/mode/1up [C].
• Test: Stone's list is Gardner's Beverly muster (Mass. Archives 68:93: Christopher Brown, John Trask, Thomas Blashfield, Lott Cunant, Christopher Read, William fferyman, Moses Morgine, John Clark, William Allen, "William bath", Richard Hussband; Bodge p. 167) followed by the fourteen 1730s Beverly grantees in the grant list's own order (Thomas Rayment ... Samuel Harris). Neither Ellinwood is on the muster, in Gardner's or Hathorne's credits (Bodge pp. 165-166), or in the Beverly town credits (p. 370). The 1728 grant was to those "in the service of their Country in the said Narraganset War" (Bodge p. 408), not only the fort fight. So: service proven [D]; Narragansett campaign probable (most Beverly grantees were Gardner's or Prentice's men, and the 1727 petitioners were "personally present at the Fort and Fight ... or descendants"); Gardner's company and the fight itself possible-probable [I]. Gardner's company: 7 slain and 10 wounded (68:104, Bodge p. 167); no Ellinwood among them.
• After the war: rebuked in church 20 Mar 1676/7 "for stealing meale at mill"; Dr. Daniel Weld, chief surgeon of the Narragansett army, examined him in the annulment suit of 1682 (archive's ch. 2 research).
• Correction for the archive: "at eighteen a soldier in Capt. Joseph Gardner's company at the Great Swamp Fight" should be "probably"; the source is Stone, not a roll.

john-ellinwood-1659, John Ellinwood (1659-aft. 1706). Archive: served with Ralph; "Imprest & sent to ye Eastward", wounded at Wells; pension 1700/1.

• Petition, Feb 1700/1 (Mass. Archives 70:503), printed in Acts and Resolves 7:657: "in ye latter End of ye first Indian Warr viz about ye yeare of Our Lord God 1676 Imprest & sent to ye Eastward as a souldier in ye Countrey service against ye Indian Enemy & in ye Towne of Wells being then vnder ye Comand of Capt Frost & Leiut Sweat ... sorely wounded in my right hand my fore finger being shott away". Certificate: "Thomas [his mark] Parlor, Samll Collins"; endorsement: constable Henry Herrick of Beverly paid him 40s. out of a country rate in 1680. Vote of £5 and £3 a year for life, approved 11 Mar 1700/1 (7:270-271, ch. 78). https://archive.org/details/actsresolvespubl_m07mass/page/270/mode/1up [D] proven.
• When: "Leiut Sweat" is Lt. Benjamin Swett of Hampton. Hubbard: "April 29 [1677] an Indian discovered himself near Wells ... Lieutenant Swett, that commanded the Garrison at that Time left for securing the Town, sent out eleven of the Soldiers under his Command ... they fell into an Ambush of the Indians, who shot down two of them and mortally wound a third. The Lieutenant ... shot down five or six of them" (2:231-232). Swett was commissioned captain on 22 June 1677 and killed at Black Point on 29 June (Bodge pp. 343-345). "Capt Frost" is Charles Frost of Kittery, captain of the Yorkshire companies (Bodge p. 320). Wells losses while Swett held it: 6 Apr (three killed), 12 Apr (John Weld, Benjamin Stover), 29 Apr (ambush), 23 May 1677 (one killed) (Hubbard 2:230-233). So the wound fell between autumn 1676 and June 1677, most likely in April-May 1677 [I] probable. "Imprest" fits the Essex levy of 11 Oct 1676, "Of seventy soldiers, as the quota of Essex, for an expedition to the eastward" (Felt p. 147) [I] possible. He was 17.
• Stone p. 174 ("In a company stationed at Wells ... under the command of Capt. Frost, John Ellingwood, Thomas Parlor and Samuel Collins") is drawn from this petition, not an independent roll [I].
• Narragansett No. 3, Beverly: "John Elinwood ... Andrew Dodge ... Now Thomas Clark's, July 17, 1739" (Bodge p. 423; claimant Andrew Dodge, relation not stated) [D]. This proves service in the war, which his Wells service alone would satisfy; Narragansett service possible only.
• Fellow soldier: Thomas Parlor was in Maj. Appleton's company in the Narragansett campaign ("Those yt are wanting ... Thomas Parlor", roll 68:97; credited £3 18s., Bodge pp. 155, 157) [D]. Samuel Collins: not identified.

stephen-ellinwood-1655, Stephen Ellinwood. Not in his father's will of 1674; nothing found in any war source. Probably dead before the war.

joseph-ellinwood-1662, Joseph Ellinwood (13 in 1675). Searched: nothing.

eleanor-lynn-1636, Eleanor (Lynn) Ellinwood Bath. Widow from Jan 1673/4. Her second husband, William Bath, fisherman of Beverly, is on Gardner's Beverly muster, "William bath" (Mass. Archives 68:93; Bodge p. 167) [D] proven for the man; whether they were already married in Dec 1675 is unknown (married between mid- 1674 and June 1677). So her husband (or husband-to-be) and probably her eldest son went on the Narragansett expedition, and her son John to the eastward.

thomas-woodbury-1638, Thomas Woodbury. No service of his own found. His brother Peter killed at Bloody Brook; his wife's brothers Josiah Dodge (killed there) and Capt. William Dodge (Prentice's troop). A "William Woodbury" was credited in the Salem town assignments of 24 Aug 1676 (Perley 3:99; Bodge p. 371) and "William Woodbery" was paid for maritime service 24 June 1676 (Bodge p. 197): possibly his brother William (b. 1651), not identified [?].

hannah-dodge-1642, Hannah (Dodge) Woodbury. Lost her brother Josiah and her brother-in-law Peter Woodbury at Bloody Brook, 18 Sept 1675 (list "At Muddy-Brook bridge ye 18 Sept. 71 men slane", Bodge pp. 136-137) [D]. Hull credited "Peter Woodbury 01 18 06" on 30 Nov 1675 and "Josiah Dodge 01 18 06" on 25 Jan 1675/6 under Capt. Lathrop, posthumous wages to their estates (Bodge p. 138, image checked) [D]. Her brother Capt. William Dodge was at the Great Swamp Fight (below).

william-dodge-1604, William Dodge (c.1604-aft. 1685). Archive: son Capt. William "served with distinction in the Narragansett campaign"; son Josiah killed at Bloody Brook.

• Son William: the Narragansett troop list returned by the local companies (Mass. Archives 68) has "Troopers belonging to Capt. Curwin. Steeven Hascull ... William Dodge (Jr,) ..." (Bodge p. 83); credited "William Dodg" under Capt. Thomas Prentice (p. 82). Prentice's troop "On the 19th took part in the battle at the fort" (p. 82). https://archive.org/details/soldiersinkingph1906bodg/page/82/mode/1up [D] proven that a William Dodge Jr. of the Salem troop rode with Prentice; that he is Capt. William (b. 1640), then "Jr." to his living father, is probable [I].
• Hubbard, 1677: "Jan. 21. Capt. Prentice his Troop being abroad met with a Party of the Enemy, of whom they took two Prisoners, and killed nine, in which Exploit something hapned very remarkable; for one W. Dodge of Salem, riding in Company with another Friend, they hapned to meet with two Indians ... by that Means he did three good Offices at once, saved the Life of one Friend, and slew two of his Enemies" (Drake ed. 1:163, Drake's note: "Probably William, Son of William Dodge"). https://archive.org/details/historyofindianw01hubb_0 [D] contemporary narrative; identification probable. The Dodge genealogy (1894) p. 17 cites it: "Hubbard, in his narrative, gives a particular account of his bravery and success" [C].
• Later: troop under Capt. George Corwin, credited July 1676 (Bodge p. 291; Perley 3:98 "In this troop served John Dodge, William Dodge"); "Wm. Dodds jr." signed the Beverly petition of 4 June 1685 of those who had been "at the Narragansett Fort" (Mass. Archives 112:398; Bodge pp. 406-407) [D].
• Son Josiah: "Josiah Dodge" among the Bloody Brook dead [D]; that he was William's son: Dodge genealogy "may have been another son", "perhaps brother of Capt. William" [C] probable (the archive's "very probably").
• Son Capt. John (b. 1636): "served against the Narragansetts in 1675" (Dodge genealogy p. 17) [C]; several John Dodges are credited (under Appleton 24 June 1676, Bodge p. 155; Whipple's troop, p. 283; Corwin's troop, p. 291), not distinguished.

humphrey-woodbury-1608 / elizabeth-hunter-d1689. Son Peter killed at Bloody Brook (above). Elizabeth's will of 1689 ("my son Peter that was killed in ye war with Capt. Lartheope by the Indians") is already in the archive. Humphrey: no war role found (he was allowed as a Beverly tithingman in 1677, EQC vol. 6).

william-woodbury-1662. 13 in 1675; searched, nothing.

Lynn

robert-rand-1653, Robert Rand (c.1653-1717). Archive: credited under Brocklebank 24 Mar 1675/6; "likelier" the younger Robert.

• Credit: "March 24th 1675-6 ... Robert Rand 01 10 00" under Capt. Samuel Brocklebank (Bodge p. 207, image checked) [D]. £1 10s. is the five weeks Bodge infers for the company's first service, from about 1 Jan to 5 Feb 1676: the recruits sent to the Narragansett army after the fort fight, who marched in the snow ("bit some of them by the heels with the frost") and then followed the Narragansetts on the Hungry March before returning to Boston (Bodge pp. 200-201, 206) [I] probable. Brocklebank's own letter: in service "since the first of January at Narraganset, and within one week after their returne were sent out again" to Marlborough (p. 207; Gage pp. 182-183).
• 1733, Narragansett No. 3, Lynn: "—— Rand ... Robert Rand, son" (Bodge p. 422, image checked: first name blank) [D]. The claimant being a son named Robert who was alive in 1733 fits Robert (1653-1717), whose son Robert the joiner (b. 1686) lived to 1752; it does not fit Robert Sr. (d. 1694), whose son Robert was dead by 1733. Identification probable [I].
• Not on the Lynn petition of 4 June 1685 of "those who were soldiers in Lynn, in the Nipmugg Country, and at the Narragansett Fort" (Bodge p. 406), and no Rand in the Lynn impressment of 13 Nov 1675 (Lewis, History of Lynn 1865 p. 263) or the Lynn town credits (Bodge p. 371). Consistent with a man who went only with the January recruits.
• Same company: John Burrill of Lynn, credited £3 6s. under Brocklebank 24 June 1676 (Bodge p. 207); his 1733 claimant was "Ebenezer, brother ... Ebenezer Burrill, Esq." (p. 422), so the soldier is John Burrill (1657-1721), later Speaker, son of Lt. John Burrill and Lois Ivory and first cousin of Tabitha Ivory, whom Rand married in 1683/4 [D]/[I] probable. Also Philip Kirtland (credited 24 July 1676), brother-in-law of Rand's sister Mary, who married Nathaniel Kirtland (Rand genealogy pp. 13-14) [I] possible kinship.

robert-rand-d1694, Robert Rand Sr. Not identified in any war source. The Lynn sachem Wenepoykin ("Sagamore George") joined Philip, was taken and sold into slavery in Barbados, and came home in 1684 (Lewis 1865 p. 264) [C]: the Native side of the war at Lynn.

robert-rand-1686, Robert Rand the joiner. The 1733 claimant ("Robert Rand, son"), in the Lynn proprietors of No. 3 (Amherst NH) [D].

thomas-ivory-d1690, mary-davis-1635, tabitha-ivory-1663. No service or losses found. Tabitha's first cousin John Burrill and her future husband Robert Rand both served under Brocklebank (above).

Ipswich and Chebacco

Ipswich men went with Maj. Samuel Appleton (commander-in-chief on the Connecticut River, Sept-Nov 1675; major of the Massachusetts regiment and captain of its first company at Narragansett). Waters (1905) pp. 218-224 gives an alphabetical list of Ipswich soldiers compiled from Hull's credits and the 1678 allegiance list (https://archive.org/details/ipswichinmassach00water, viewer leaves n250-n256) [C]. Searched in it, in Bodge, Felt and EQC vols. 6-7 for Low, Boreman, Varney, Proctor, Cogswell, Lord, Fuller, Emerson.

thomas-low-1631, Deacon Thomas Low. Archive: "possible" Narragansett No. 1 grantee.

• Buxton (No. 1) proprietors' records: "Jonathan Low on the Right of Thomas Low ... 14" (first division) and "Johnathan Low on the Right of Thomas Low ... 5"; a lot "Drawn on the Original Right of Thomas Low by Joseph Atkinson & Joshua Coffin" (Records of the Proprietors of Narraganset Township No. 1, 1871; https://archive.org/details/recordsofproprie1733buxt) [D]; Bodge p. 415 "Low, Thomas ... Jon[a]. Low".
• The records usually say "his father" when the claimant is a son ("Philemon Dane on the Right of his father Philemon Dane"); here no relation is given. Jonathan Low was "s. Tho[mas], jr., July 7, 1665" (Ipswich VR 1, Low births) and died at Chebacco Feb 1750 (Ipswich VR 2, Low deaths), so he was the deacon's son and alive to claim.
• No Thomas Low is in Hull's credits (Bodge index: only Joseph Low of Charlestown and Billerica garrison, and John Low of Marshfield and of the Mendon garrison, all unrelated) or in Waters' Ipswich list. The deacon deposed at Ipswich in June 1676 ("Thomas Low, jr., aged about thirty-six", EQC 6:159), so he was at home then. His son Thomas (b. 1661) was 14 in 1675; had he been the soldier, his own sons would have claimed. Conclusion: service of a Thomas Low proven [D]; that it was the deacon, possible-probable [I].

thomas-low-1605, Thomas Low Sr. (d. 1677). About 70; no service. His inventory (Nov 1677) has "one Sword, belt, powder, boullets". His son-in-law Joseph Safford (m. Sarah Low) was a trooper in Capt. Nicholas Paige's troop in the Mount Hope campaign (June-July 1675), credited "Joseph Safford 02 00 00" on 3 Sept 1675 (Bodge p. 86; Waters p. 223) [D] proven for the trooper; that he is Sarah's husband, probable [I] (the only Joseph Safford of Ipswich).

John Chub, the Lows' servant of 1669. A "John Chub" was credited at the garrison at Hadley, 24 June 1676 (Bodge p. 361; Waters p. 219), under Henchman, 24 July 1676 (£2, Bodge p. 58), and his wages assigned to Ipswich (p. 370) [D]. Identification with the servant who in 1669 was bound to serve Thomas Low Jr. until his fines were paid: possible [?].

martha-boreman-1641, margaret-boreman-d1679, thomas-boreman-fl1670. Searched (Boreman, Borman, Boardman, Bordman): nothing in the war.

thomas-varney-1639, Cpl. Thomas Varney. No credit, roll or grant found; his rank of corporal is not tied to the war in any source seen. He deposed at Ipswich in June 1676 in the Cogswell case (EQC 6:154, 159). Searched: nothing.

abigail-proctor-1639, Abigail (Proctor) Varney. Her brother Joseph Proctor of Ipswich was a trooper in Capt. Paige's troop in the Mount Hope campaign, credited 3 Sept 1675, and served under Capt. Daniel Henchman, credited 23 Sept 1676 (00 17 00) (Bodge pp. 58, 86; Waters p. 223: "Trooper, in Captain Paige's Company, Mt. Hope campaign; credited Sept. 3, 1675. Captain Henchman's Company; credited July 24, 1676"); wages assigned to Ipswich (Bodge p. 370) [D]; identification with her brother (named with John at "his father Procter's" house in her husband's 1679 deposition, EQC 7:218) probable [I].

john-proctor-1632, martha-proctor-1607. Searched: no service found for John (of Salem Farms from 1666).

william-cogswell-1620, susanna-hawkes-1633, elizabeth-cogswell-fl1635. No war role found. Their war years were taken up with the suit of the nephew John Cogswell (Ipswich court 1675, Salem Jan 1676, Court of Assistants Sept 1676, General Court 29 May 1677; Jameson pp. 10-11).

• Correction: Felt (1834) p. 147, under 11 Oct 1676: "John Cogswell, jr., is a prisoner among the Indians." The General Court record of Oct 1676 reads: "In ans to the petition of Margaret Cogswell, atturney to John Cogswell, her husband, now a prisoner ... Jn° Cogswell, Jun., to be at liberty from the prison to attend his occasions till the case be heard" (Mass. Bay Records 5:126, https://archive.org/details/recordsofgoverno05mass/page/126/mode/1up). He had "delivered his person to the marshal" for £13 4s. costs (Jameson p. 10). [D] Felt's captivity disproven.
• An "Edward Cogswell" was a No. 1 grantee, "Emerson Cogswell on the Right of Edward Cogswell" (Bodge p. 413; Buxton records) [D]; Edward, "aged about twenty-four" in 1678 (EQC 7), is not William's son (Jameson lists no Edward among William's children) [?] kin not established.

robert-lord-1603, Robert Lord, clerk; robert-lord-d1696, the marshal; robert-lord-1657. No soldiering found. Robert Sr. was clerk of the Ipswich court, which heard press and desertion cases (e.g. EQC 6:72); the marshal served its writs. Kin: a "Nathaniel Lord" had wages assigned to Ipswich, no service specified (Waters p. 221) [?]; "Samuel Lord" of Charlestown, credited under Capt. Joseph Sill, 24 June/July 1676, and in the Charlestown town credits (Bodge pp. 273, 374), whom Savage calls "perhaps s. of Robert of Ipswich" (3:116) [C] possible.

mary-waite-fl1630, mary-lord-d1724, hannah-day-fl1697. Searched: nothing.

elizabeth-emerson-1623, Elizabeth (Emerson) Fuller Perrin. Her brother Rev. Joseph Emerson, minister of Mendon since 1669 (Job Tyler signed his settlement), "In 1675, soon after the Indian attack upon Mendon, ... removed to Concord, where he died June 3, 1680" (Metcalf, Annals of Mendon 1880 p. 46; https://archive.org/details/annalsoftownofme00metc) [C]. A "Nath Emerson" was among the men newly listed in Appleton's company for Narragansett (68:97; Bodge p. 157; No. 1 grantee "Emerson, Nath' ... Stephen Emerson, son", p. 414): her brother Nathaniel (b. c.1630) or his son; not distinguished [?].

The Tylers (Andover, Mendon, Rowley Village)

samuel-tyler-1655, Samuel Tyler (1655-1695). Archive: impressed at Rowley 29 Nov 1675; credited 24 Mar 1675/6; "slain" reading is Brigham's.

• Rowley return, 29 Nov 1675, printed by Gage (History of Rowley 1840 pp. 181-182): "This may certifie that we have impress'd twelve men ... only some of them are men that are but latly come to town, and want arms ... John Hobkinson, John Stickney, Joseph Jewett, Thomas Palmer, John Jackson, Steuen Mighill, John Lighton, Caleb Jackson, William Brown, Samuel Tiller, Joseph Bixbie, Simon Gawin ... by me, Samuel Brocklebank, Capt." https://archive.org/details/historyofrowleya00gage/page/181/mode/1up [D] proven.
• Appleton's roll (Mass. Archives 68:97, Bodge p. 157): "The men yt are now listed ... John Hobkins, John Sticknie, Joseph Jewett ... John Leyton, John Jackson, Will Brown, Caleb Jackson, Sam. Tyler, Thomas Palmor, Joseph Bigsby, Simond Gowin" (the Rowley twelve, Mighill aside); total "61 new men, 75 old souldjers, 136" (p. 158) [D] proven: he was in Appleton's company, the first company of the Massachusetts regiment.
• Credit: "March 24, 1675-6 ... Samuel Tiler 03 07 08" under Maj. Appleton (Bodge p. 155) [D].
• The "slain" question. 68:104 (Bodge p. 156, image checked): "A List of Major Saml Apletons Souldjers yt were slayne & wounded The 19th Decemb '75 at the Indian's fort": "Samuell Taylor of Ipswich, Isaac Illery of Glocester, Daniel Rolfe of Newbery, Samuel Taylor of Rowley" bracketed "4 men Slayne"; dated "January 6 '75". Bodge's note: "In the list of killed appear two Samuel Taylors. In the credits is found Samuel Tiler. In a list of men impressed at Rowley, Nov. 29, 1675, I find Samuel Tiller." Waters (1905) p. 203 prints the four as "Samuel Taylor of Ipswich, Isaac Ellery of Gloucester, Daniel Rolfe of Newbury and Samuel Tyler of Rowley." Brigham (1912) 1:35-36: "this 'Samuel Taylor of Rowley,' reported 'slayne,' was in reality Samuel Tiler of Rowley ... it is also quite clear, that Samuel Tiler must have been wounded in that bitter fight, and left behind; and so, later, reported dead."
• Test: (a) the Ipswich Samuel Taylor was a real, different man: Gen. Denison's letter of 30 Nov 1675 (68:71) names "Benjamin Newman, Wm Hodgskin, Samuel Taylor" as three "very Lusty young men" of Ipswich who had "absconded" from the press; Waters p. 198 says he "fell" at the fort; Appleton's roll has both "Sam. Tyler" and "Sam Taylor" (pp. 157-158). (b) The only S. T. from Rowley is Samuel Tiller. (c) Samuel Tyler was alive: "in 1682, he was still of 'Rowley Village', when ... his brother Hope deeded him his fifteen-acre house lot at Mendon" (Brigham 1:36), and "Samuel Tyler ... Ebenezer, son" claimed in the Andover list of No. 3 (Bodge p. 422; Ebenezer b. Mendon 1685). So the clerk's "Samuel Taylor of Rowley ... slayne" is an error for him [I] probable; that he was at the fort and missing after it is probable (he was in the assaulting company and was reported among the casualties); that he was wounded is not recorded anywhere [T]/[I]. Waters' "Samuel Tyler of Rowley" killed is disproven.
• Why Rowley: "latly come to town" fits the Tylers fleeing Mendon after 14 July 1675 [I]; Job, Moses and old Goodman Tyler were at Rowley Village by 1680 (Brigham 1:12-13).

mary-tyler-1644, Mary Tyler (Job's daughter). NEW: married 18 Nov 1662 Richard Post of Woburn, "killed in Mendon, Mass., July 14, 1675, by the Indians" (Brigham 1:23-24) [C]. Drake, editing Hubbard: "It is said five or six Persons were killed, in the Attack on Mendon, but we have the Name of only one of them, namely Richard Post. He lived on the Road from Mendon towards Sherburne, and a Portion of that Way ... bears the Name of Post's Lane" (1:86 n. 141) [C]. Metcalf (1880) p. 62, from the State archives, knew only "the wife and child of Matthias Puffer" among the dead [C]; Richard Post was chosen Mendon's constable on 1 Jan 1674, with "Mathyas Puffer and Job Tiler, Survayors of hy ways" (Metcalf p. 57) [D]. Probable. Mary married (2) John Bridges of Andover, 1 Mar 1677/8; she and her daughter Mary Post were accused in 1692 (Brigham).

job-tyler-1619, Job Tyler. At Mendon when it was attacked; "In 1676 the birth of one of his grandchildren was recorded in Roxbury, and he may have returned there on account of King Philip's war, as Mendon was burned and the inhabitants fled"; at Rowley Village by 1680; back paying rates at Mendon by 1688 (Brigham 1:12-13) [C]. Refugee. Hubbard: Mendon's people "forsook the Place, abandoning their Houses to the Fury of the Enemy, which by them were soon after turned into Ashes" (1:86); Increase Mather: "deserted Mendham was, this winter (1675-6), laid in ashes" (via Metcalf p. 62).

hopestill-tyler-1646. "In 1675 when the inhabitants fled from the Indian raid he went to his old home in Roxbury, for his child Martha ... was baptized there, and the next year his son John was born there. By 1681 he is at Andover" (Brigham 1:26) [C]. Refugee.

moses-tyler-1642. At Rowley Village (Boxford) in the war; no service found. A "Moses Tiler" testified at the Ipswich court in March 1675 (EQC 6:7) [D].

john-tyler-1653. "He doubtless spent some years of his youth in Mendon with his father, with whom he must have fled at the outbreak of King Philip's War to Rowley Village, and later went to Andover" (Brigham 1:33) [C]/[I]. No service found (a John Tyler in the No. 6 (Templeton) grantee list, Bodge p. 437, is not identified).

hannah-tyler-fl1696. Nothing (married after the war).

Gloucester

john-stanwood-1653, Sgt. John Stanwood (1652/3-1705/6). Archive: in garrison at Lancaster 25 Jan 1675/6; Brocklebank, credited 24 July 1676; Kettle Cove lot 1679.

• "Credited at Lancaster Garrison ... January 25, 1675-6. John Roberts 03 01 08, Stephen Fish 03 00 00, Nathaniel Hadlock 03 01 08, John Fitch 03 01 08, John Stanwood 03 01 08, Zacharia Eyres 03 01 08, Stephen Parker 03 01 08" (Bodge p. 355, image checked; https://archive.org/details/soldiersinkingph1906bodg/page/355/mode/1up) [D] proven. The date is the treasurer's posting for service already done (about ten weeks at the private's rate), so he was in the Lancaster garrison in roughly Nov 1675-Jan 1676; whether he was still there on 10 Feb 1676, when the Rowlandson garrison fell, is not known. John Fitch, credited beside him, was also of Gloucester (Kettle Cove grantee). Correction: Bolton's "On January 25, 1675/6 ... he was in the garrison at Lancaster" (p. 31) misreads the credit date.
• "July 24th 1676 ... John Stanwood 01 02 00 ... Philip Stanwood 03 08 06" under Capt. Brocklebank (Bodge p. 207, image checked) [D]: probably part of the Marlborough garrison service, Feb-Apr 1676 [I].
• Wages assigned to the town: "Glocester-Town Cr. ... John Fitch 02 15 10, John Stanwood 01 02 00, Philip Stanwood ..., Samuel Stanwood ..., John Day, John Hascall" (24 Aug 1676, Bodge p. 370) [D]; "The town undertook the payment, and gave the money to the families of the men" (Bolton p. 30) [C].
• Kettle Cove soldiers' lots, "for their 'service in the Indian war'": fourteen grantees, among them "Samuel Stanwood, John Stanwood, and Philip Stanwood" (Babson 1860 pp. 206-207, https://archive.org/details/historytownglou00changoog) [D via C]. Babson dates the grant Dec 16, 1679; the entry Bolton copies for Philip reads "16: 12: 79", i.e. 16 Feb 1679/80 (Bolton p. 30) [D]. John's was lot six, exchanged with John Sargent for lot seven on the Cape (Bolton p. 32).
• No Stanwood is in any 1733 Narragansett grantee list (Gloucester's No. 3 list has Henry Row, Samuel Ingersoll, Edward Harringdon, John Day, Isaac Ellery; Bodge p. 422). Searched: nothing.
• His title "Serg." is from the town records at his death (1706); not tied to the war.

Philip Stanwood Jr. and Samuel Stanwood (John's brothers; not in the archive as people). Philip, Brocklebank (above). Samuel (b. 1658): "Credited under Major Walderne ... February 29, 1675 ... Samuel Stanwood 02 02 00" (Bodge p. 310, image checked), and £4 10s. under Capt. Jonathan Poole, 24 Aug 1676 (Bodge p. 260; Bolton p. 36) [D].

jane-stanwood-d1706, Jane (Stanwood) Pearce. Mother of the three soldier sons; remarried John Pearce 1673. Nothing on her own.

lydia-messer-fl1680, Lydia (Messer) Butler Stanwood. Archive: Sheepscot "wiped out during the Indian wars".

• Her depositions (Bolton pp. 32-34): Boston, 29 Dec 1737: lived "at Sheepscot at the house of Thomas Messer her father untill she was about Ten years of age", then a year at Damariscotta "with John Taylor", and "from that time she Lived with Said Taylor till the first Indian Warr. from year to year"; Wiscasset, 19 July 1742: in her father's house "till she was seventeen years old and married, which time was before the first Indian Wars in the Eastern parts which began ye year after King Philip's Indian Wars" [D]. So the family was on the Sheepscot until the war.
• When Sheepscot fell: after the attack on Richard Hammond's trading house on the Kennebec, 13 Aug 1676, a girl escaped and "ran across over the Land that Night ten or twelve Miles, to give them Notice that lived at Shipscot River ... Those of Shipscot taking this Warning escaped away as soon as they could, leaving their Cattel and their Dwellings as a Prey to the Indians" (Hubbard 2:157-158). After Arrowsic fell the next day, "All the Rest of the Inhabitants of Kennibeck River, Shipscot River, Sagade-hock, Damanicottee ... fled to the Islands of Cape Bonawagan and Damorils Cove"; from Monhegan they sailed "some to that town [Boston], others to Salem; and a company of them landed at Piscataqua" (Hubbard 2:164-165; Cushman pp. 60-62, who dates the burning of Sheepscot Sept 1676) [D] for the event; that the Messers were among those who fled, probable [I]. Hubbard (2:73) says the Sheepscot planters left "a thousand Head of Neat Cattel ... besides the Fields and Barns full of Corn".
• "Thomas Mercer" took the oath to the Duke of York's commissioners at Sheepscot in 1665 (Cushman p. 53, "Probably Thomas Mercer" = Messer, Bolton p. 33 n.); "Thomas Messer" was among the former inhabitants who met "at the house of Mr. Robert Gibbes, at Fort Hill, in Boston" on 30 Aug 1682 to organise the resettlement of New Dartmouth, Sheepscot (Cushman p. 66) [D via C]; Cushman's list of early Sheepscot names has "Thomas Messer. Lydia Messer" (p. 88). A sister: "Widow Wilcott claims ... land ... in the possession of Thomas Mercer, and by him given to William Wilcott, deceased ... Mrs. Wilcott was the daughter of Thomas Mercer" (Cushman p. 97, from the 1730s Maine land claims) [C].
• So: a refugee family in Boston from autumn 1676; she married John Stanwood there on 9 Dec 1680 [I] probable. Her first husband Butler is still unidentified; nothing found tying his death to the war.
• Possible further lead: Cotton Mather's life of William Phips, who launched a ship on the Sheepscot as the war broke out and "carried with him his old neighbors and their families, free of all charges to Boston" (quoted by Cushman p. 62) [C].

thomas-riggs-1632, Thomas Riggs, town clerk. No service. As clerk (1665-1716) he kept the Town Book in which the Kettle Cove soldiers' lots were entered ("16: 12: 79") [I]; Gloucester paid its soldiers' wages from the town rate (Bodge p. 370). A committee reported in March 1676 that "Cape Ann had made two garrisons besides several particular fortifications" (Babson p. 207) [C]. Babson: "there is no record that any hostile Indian set his foot on our soil", and only Joseph Somes is known to have fallen (Babson pp. 206-207; Somes was wounded in Gardner's company, Bodge p. 167); Isaac Ellery of Gloucester was killed in Appleton's company (Bodge p. 156).

mary-millett-1639, Mary (Millett) Riggs. Her parents had moved to Brookfield, where her father died in 1675 (archive); Brookfield was besieged and burned 2-4 Aug 1675. Left to the Brookfield cluster.

Salisbury and Newbury

thomas-rowlandson-d1682, Thomas Rowlandson. No service of his own found. His son Thomas (b. 5 July 1656) was "killed by Indians in the attack upon his uncle's house in Lancaster, Feb. 10, 1675-6" (Hoyt 1:307) and is in the list "Killed in the assault ... Thomas Rowlandson, aged 19" (Bodge p. 353, from Nourse/Mrs. Rowlandson) [D/C] proven.

• New, possible: "Credited under Major Walderne ... February 29, 1675 [/6] Thomas Rowlinson 02 02 00" (Bodge p. 310, image checked) [D]. Waldron's men were the Piscataqua and Norfolk-county forces (Salisbury was in old Norfolk); a credit posted nineteen days after the son's death could be wages due to his estate. Which Thomas is not stated [?] possible.

dorothy-portland-fl1654, Dorothy (Portland) Rowlandson; martha-rowlandson-1666. Mother and nine-year-old sister of the boy killed at Lancaster; Martha's aunt (by marriage) Mary Rowlandson was taken captive the same day. Nothing further.

william-allen-d1686, William Allen; abigail-allen-1640; ann-goodale-d1678. William added a codicil to his will on 7 Nov 1676 (Hoyt 1:31). Hoyt on two of his sons, Abigail's brothers: "A John Allen served under Capt. Turner, April, 1676" (note to John, b. 1648, later Capt., son-in-law of Maj. Robert Pike) and "A Richard Allin, of Hv. [Haverhill], served in King Philip's War, under Lieut. Benj. Swett, June, 1676" (Richard, b. 1655, d. unm. 1678) (Hoyt 1:31-32) [C] possible; Hoyt does not identify either. (Bodge p. 346 credits a "Thomas Allin" under Lt. Swett, 24 June 1676.)

henry-wheeler-fl1667. Searched: nothing.

sarah-brown-d1691, Sarah (Brown) Noyes of Newbury (widow from 1656). Her sons:

• Rev. James Noyes of Stonington (1640-1719): "Chaplain with Capt. George Denison's expedition that captured Canonchet, chief sachem of the Narragansett Indians, April, 1676" (Noyes, Genealogical Record 1904, ch. IV, memoir of Rev. James Noyes, quoting La Verne Noyes) [C]; Voluntown "Cedar Swamp" grantee, "50 Rev. James Noyes" (Bodge p. 442) [D].
• Rev. Moses Noyes of Lyme (moses-noyes-1643): "32 Rev. Moses Noyes" in the Voluntown lists of Connecticut volunteers (Bodge pp. 444-445); "Cedar Swamp lots awarded for Indian War service (Naragansett Vols.)" (Noyes 1904) [D/C]. (Connecticut cluster.)
• Thomas Noyes (b. 1648): a "Thomas Noyce, Cornet" was credited in Capt. Paige's troop, 3 Sept 1675, with the note "Thomas Noyce, of Newbury, was chosen, 1683, Capt. of the second Newbury company" (Bodge p. 86) [D]; that he is her son, possible [?].
• Her nephew Rev. Nicholas Noyes was chaplain of the Connecticut regiment at the Great Swamp Fight (Bodge p. 183, roster of the army at Narragansett: "Rev. Nicholas Noyes, Chaplain") [D].

Searched, nothing found: stephen-ellinwood-1655, joseph-ellinwood-1662, william-woodbury-1662, mary-davis-1635, thomas-ivory-d1690, tabitha-ivory-1663 (no service of her own), margaret-boreman-d1679, martha-boreman-1641, thomas-boreman-fl1670, martha-proctor-1607, john-proctor-1632, susanna-hawkes-1633, elizabeth-cogswell-fl1635, mary-waite-fl1630, mary-lord-d1724, hannah-day-fl1697, robert-lord-1657, hannah-tyler-fl1696, jane-stanwood-d1706 (beyond her sons), mary-millett-1639 (see Brookfield), henry-wheeler-fl1667, ann-goodale-d1678, abigail-allen-1640 (beyond her brothers), dorothy-portland-fl1654 (beyond her son).

3. Events

Mount Hope campaign, late June-July 1675 (Swansea, Mount Hope). Massachusetts sent Maj. Thomas Savage with foot and Capt. Nicholas Paige's troop "of dragoons"; Philip's people escaped from the neck. Paige's troop credits of 3 Sept 1675 include Joseph Safford (Thomas Low Sr.'s son-in-law), Joseph Proctor (Abigail Varney's brother) and "Thomas Noyce, Cornet" (perhaps Sarah Brown's son Thomas) (Bodge pp. 85-86, 91) [D].

Mendon, 14 July 1675. Nipmucs led by Matoonas, "who was the first that did any Mischief within the Massachusets Colony, July 14, 1675, bearing an old Grudge against them ... for Justice that was done upon one of his Sons, 1671, whose Head ever since stands upon a Pole near the Gibbet" (Hubbard 1:260-261), fell on settlers at work in the fields, "killing five or six of them" (Hubbard 1:86; Hutchinson, "four or five", via Metcalf p. 62). The people "forsook the Place", and it was burned that winter. Family: Richard Post, first husband of Mary Tyler, named as one of the dead (Drake's note to Hubbard 1:86; Brigham 1:23-24) [C]; Job, Hopestill, Moses, John and Samuel Tyler and Rev. Joseph Emerson (Elizabeth Emerson's brother) were among the townsmen who fled (Brigham; Metcalf p. 46). Matoonas was later handed over by the Nipmuc sachem Sagamore John, who came in with 180 people on 27 July 1676 (Hubbard 1:260-261).

Bloody Brook (Muddy Brook, South Deerfield), 18 Sept 1675. Capt. Thomas Lathrop of Beverly and his Essex company, escorting the Deerfield harvest carts, were ambushed while crossing the brook. Counts in the sources: "above forty of Capt. Lathrop's men with himself" and sixty-four buried next day (Council to Richard Smith, 22 Sept 1675); Hubbard eighty English, "not above seven or eight escaped"; Rev. Mr. Russell's list "71 men slane" (Bodge pp. 136-137). Family: Peter Woodbury (Humphrey's son, Thomas Woodbury's brother) and Josiah Dodge (probably William Dodge's son, Hannah Woodbury's brother), both in the list "At Muddy-Brook bridge ye 18 Sept."; wages credited to their estates 30 Nov 1675 and 25 Jan 1675/6 (Bodge p. 138) [D].

The press, Nov-Dec 1675. Lynn impressed fifteen on 13 Nov (Lewis p. 263); Rowley twelve on 29 Nov, Samuel Tyler among them (Gage pp. 181-182); Ipswich on 30 Nov, three "Lusty young men" absconding "by the artifice of their parents" (Waters pp. 197-198); Salem thirty-one on 1 Dec (Mass. Archives 68:71a, facsimile in Perley 3:88). The Essex men formed Appleton's and Gardner's companies, mustered at Dedham Plain on 10 Dec, where the soldiers were promised "a gratuity of land, besides their wages" if they "played the man, took the fort" (Bodge p. 406).

The Great Swamp Fight, Sunday 19 Dec 1675 (South Kingstown, R.I.). The united army (Massachusetts regiment under Maj. Appleton, Plymouth, Connecticut under Maj. Treat; Gen. Josiah Winslow) marched through snow from Pettaquamscutt, guided by "Indian Peter, who dealt faithfully with us" (Bodge p. 193), and stormed the Narragansett fort in the cedar swamp, where there were "upward of five hundred" wigwams in which "many of their old people and their women and children had gathered"; after about three hours the wigwams were fired, "great numbers of those who had taken refuge therein being burned" (Bodge p. 187). The Connecticut officers' letter: "we generally suppose the enemy lost at least two hundred men; Capt. Mosely counted in one corner of the fort sixty four men; Capt. Goram reckoned 150 at least" (Bodge pp. 193-194). English: about sixty-eight dead and a hundred and fifty wounded in the whole army; the army carried 210 dead and wounded back to Wickford through the night, and twenty-two died on the march (Bodge pp. 188-189). Appleton's company: four slain, eighteen wounded (68:104); Gardner's: Gardner shot through the head, seven slain, ten wounded (Bodge p. 167). Family: Samuel Tyler (Appleton's company; listed among the slain in error), Capt. William Dodge (Prentice's troop, which "took part in the battle at the fort"), William Bath (Gardner's muster), Ralph Ellinwood (probable; Beverly grantee), Thomas Parlor (Appleton's roll, "wanting"), Rev. Nicholas Noyes (chaplain, Connecticut). Daniel Weld of Salem was chief surgeon.

The second call and the Hungry March, Jan-Feb 1676. Capt. Samuel Brocklebank of Rowley took recruits to the army about 6 Jan through a storm "that bit some of them by the heels with the frost" (eleven froze to death, by one letter); Lt. Benjamin Swett brought more on 17-18 Jan. On 21 Jan Prentice's troop "met with a Party of the Enemy, of whom they took two Prisoners, and killed nine", the day of William Dodge's exploit (Hubbard 1:163). From 27 Jan the army followed the retreating Narragansetts north toward the Nipmuc country, killing and eating their horses: "the Hungry March" (Bodge pp. 200-206). Family: Robert Rand (Brocklebank, five weeks' credit) [I] probable.

Lancaster, 10 Feb 1675/6. Nipmucs and Narragansetts attacked the town; the Rowlandson garrison house was fired and of the thirty-seven inside "only one escaped death or captivity" (Bodge pp. 352-354). Family: Thomas Rowlandson, aged 19, of Salisbury, nephew of the minister, killed in the assault (Bodge p. 353; Hoyt 1:307); his aunt Mary Rowlandson and her children taken. John Stanwood had been in the Lancaster garrison in the weeks before (credit 25 Jan 1675/6).

Marlborough and Sudbury, Feb-21 Apr 1676. Brocklebank's company, sent to Marlborough "within one week after their returne", held the garrisons through the raid of 26 Mar 1676 ("sixteen dwelling-houses, besides about thirteen barns" burned; Brocklebank's letter, Gage p. 183); on 21 Apr Brocklebank and Capt. Samuel Wadsworth were ambushed near Sudbury and killed with most of their men. Family: John and Philip Stanwood and John Burrill credited in the company (24 June and 24 July 1676), probably for the Marlborough service [I].

Canonchet taken, April 1676. Rev. James Noyes of Stonington, Sarah (Brown) Noyes's son, was chaplain with Capt. George Denison's Connecticut volunteers, who captured the Narragansett sachem Canonchet [C] (Noyes 1904).

Kennebec and Sheepscot, 13-14 Aug 1676. Hammond's trading house and then Clark and Lake's at Arrowsic were taken ("fifty three" killed and taken, Hubbard 2:164); the settlers of Sheepscot, warned by a girl who escaped from Hammond's, fled, and the country from the Kennebec to Pemaquid was burned. Family: Lydia Messer's Sheepscot [I] probable.

Hathorne's eastern expedition, Sept-Nov 1676. Capt. William Hathorne (Gardner's lieutenant at the fort) led the Massachusetts forces east from Berwick to Wells (8 Sept), Casco and back; the Indians struck at Wells behind him (James Gooch shot from his horse 24 Sept; George Farrow killed 27 Sept) and in October Mugg summoned the Wells garrison (Hubbard 2:180-185; Bodge pp. 320-323). On 11 Oct 1676 Essex was to raise seventy soldiers "for an expedition to the eastward" (Felt p. 147). Black Point was taken on 12 Oct (Hubbard 2:184).

Wells garrison, spring 1677. Under Lt. Benjamin Swett: three killed 6 Apr, two (John Weld, Benjamin Stover) 12 Apr; on 29 Apr eleven soldiers sent out "fell into an Ambush ... who shot down two of them and mortally wound a third", and Swett's party "shot down five or six of them"; one killed 23 May (Hubbard 2:230-233). Family: John Ellinwood, wounded at Wells under "Capt Frost & Leiut Sweat", forefinger shot away and hand "shattered & Torn" [D]; the date within these months is not recorded [I].

Black Point, 29 June 1677. Capt. Swett, with about forty English (Hubbard calls them "young, raw, and unexperienced") and Christian Indians from Natick under Lt. James Richardson, was ambushed; "somewhat above forty of the English, and twelve of the friendly Indians" were slain, Swett with "near twenty Wounds" (Hubbard via Bodge p. 344). John Ellinwood's officer; no family member known to have been there.

Peace, 12 Apr 1678 (Casco). "The first Indian war ... continued from June 24th, 1675, to April 12th, 1678" (Cushman p. 62).

The land grants. Lynn, Beverly, Reading and Hingham soldiers "in the Nipmugg Country, and at the Narragansett Fort" petitioned on 4 June 1685 (Wm. Dodds jr. among the Beverly men; no Rand) and were granted eight miles square in the Nipmuck country, never settled (Bodge pp. 406-407). Gloucester gave soldiers' lots at Kettle Cove, 1679/80. The Province's Narragansett townships of 1728-1733 (840 grantees accepted 26 Apr 1733) were classed by the claimants' residence: Ipswich-area men in No. 1 (Buxton, Me.), the North Shore in No. 3 (Amherst, N.H.) (Bodge pp. 406-424). Family grantees: Ralph Ellinwood (alive, by himself), John Ellinwood (Andrew Dodge), William Dodge (heirs), "—— Rand" (Robert Rand, son), John Burrill (Ebenezer, brother), Samuel Tyler (Ebenezer, son), Thomas Low (Jonathan Low); Connecticut's Voluntown: Revs. James and Moses Noyes. Searched and absent: Stanwood, Riggs, Woodbury, Varney, Cogswell (except Edward), Lord, Proctor, Boreman, Rowlandson, Allen (Salisbury), Wheeler.

4. Crossings

1. Bloody Brook, 18 Sept 1675: two brothers-in-law of one couple die together. Peter Woodbury (brother of Thomas Woodbury) and Josiah Dodge (brother of Thomas's wife Hannah) both in Lathrop's list of the slain (Bodge pp. 136-137) [D]. Their Beverly neighbours John Balch/Joseph Balch and Edward Trask fell with them.
2. The Ellinwood household and the Narragansett expedition. William Bath, who married the widow Eleanor Ellinwood by June 1677, was on Gardner's Beverly muster (68:93) [D]; her son Ralph was probably in the same campaign (Beverly grantee) [I]. Same Beverly muster: Christopher Read, Lot Conant, Thomas Blashfield, John Trask, Moses Morgan, William Allen of Beverly (not the Salisbury man).
3. Appleton over everyone. Maj. Samuel Appleton commanded the Massachusetts regiment at the fort, so the Beverly men in Gardner's company and Samuel Tyler in Appleton's own company fought under the same major; Capt. William Dodge rode in Prentice's troop with them [D]. The Ellinwood-Tyler crossing is therefore "same regiment, same battle, different companies" (Ralph probable, Samuel proven in the company, the fight itself probable for both).
4. Thomas Parlor ties the two Ellinwood wars together. On Appleton's Narragansett roll ("wanting") and credited £3 18s. under Appleton (Bodge pp. 155, 157); a soldier with John Ellinwood at Wells, who certified his wound in Feb 1700/1 (Acts and Resolves 7:657) [D].
5. Lt. Benjamin Swett: brought the January recruits to the Narragansett army (Council order 17 Jan 1675/6, "Lieut. Swett"), credited under Gardner's company 29 Feb 1675/6 (Bodge pp. 165, 343) - the company in which Ralph probably served - and in spring 1677 commanded the Wells garrison where John was wounded (Hubbard 2:231) [D].
6. Capt. William Hathorne: Gardner's lieutenant who took the company over when Gardner fell at the fort; led the eastern expedition of Sept-Nov 1676 through Wells, the frontier where John Ellinwood was sent soon after (Bodge pp. 165, 320-323) [D]. (Whether John served under Hathorne in autumn 1676 is not recorded.)
7. Brocklebank's company: Rand, Burrill, the Stanwoods. Robert Rand (credited 24 Mar 1675/6), John Burrill of Lynn, his wife-to-be's first cousin (24 June 1676), John and Philip Stanwood of Gloucester (24 July 1676), Philip Kirtland of Lynn (24 July) (Bodge p. 207, image checked) [D]. Rand's short credit fits the January Narragansett march; the Stanwood and Burrill credits probably the Marlborough garrison; so "same company, different months" is the safe reading [I]. Brocklebank himself was killed at Sudbury 21 Apr 1676.
8. Lancaster: Stanwood before, Rowlandson on the day. John Stanwood was credited for Lancaster garrison service on 25 Jan 1675/6; Thomas Rowlandson Jr., brother of Martha (Rowlandson) Ellinwood, was killed there on 10 Feb [D]. Not shown to have overlapped.
9. Two Rowlandson brides of two Ellinwood soldiers. Ralph (Narragansett) and John (Wells) Ellinwood married Martha (1691) and Elizabeth (1684/5) Rowlandson, sisters of the boy killed at Lancaster (Hoyt 1:307; the 1706 estate agreement) [D].
10. Paige's troop, Mount Hope, 1675: two Chebacco in-laws. Joseph Safford (married Sarah Low) and Joseph Proctor (brother of Abigail Varney) were troopers in the same troop, credited the same day, 3 Sept 1675 (Bodge p. 86) [D]; a century on, the Low and Varney lines joined (Caleb Low m. Varney's granddaughter).
11. Ipswich court and the press. Robert Lord Sr. was clerk of the Ipswich court, which heard the press cases (Sept 1675: Christopher Osgood "complained of for stopping a soldier who was 'prest'", EQC 6:72); his son the marshal served its writs [I]. In Oct 1676 the marshal held John Cogswell Jr., William Cogswell's nephew, in prison for costs (Mass. Bay Recs 5:126; Jameson p. 10) [D]/[I] (that the marshal concerned was Lord is inferred).
12. Mendon refugees and Rowley. The Tylers fled Mendon after Richard Post (Mary Tyler's husband) was killed there on 14 July 1675; by late November Samuel was one of the men "latly come to town" impressed at Rowley; Rev. Joseph Emerson (Elizabeth Emerson's brother), Mendon's minister, fled to Concord [C]/[I]. Mendon also belongs to the Tyler-Ginn line's later Mendon years.
13. Gloucester's soldiers and its clerk. The three Stanwood brothers' Kettle Cove soldiers' lots were entered in the Town Book kept by Thomas Riggs, whose grandson Joshua Riggs later married John Stanwood's granddaughter Experience; Riggs also signed John Stanwood's inventory in 1706 (Bolton pp. 30, 34-35) [D]/[I].
14. Noyes kin on both sides of the colony line. Sarah (Brown) Noyes's sons James and Moses served as Connecticut volunteers (James as chaplain to Denison); her nephew Nicholas was chaplain of the Connecticut regiment at the fort; her daughter Sarah's husband Rev. John Hale was the Ellinwoods' pastor at Beverly. Cross-cluster: Moses Noyes of Lyme (Connecticut cluster).
15. Other clusters. Mary (Millett) Riggs's parents at Brookfield (destroyed Aug 1675) - Brookfield cluster; Elizabeth Emerson's Mendon brother and the Tylers at Mendon - Mendon/Tyler theatre; Lancaster (Rowlandson) - Lancaster cluster ("Lancaster, 1676"); Robert Keayne, the Boston merchant who left Robert Rand Sr. 40s., was grandfather of Capt. Nicholas Paige's wife (Bodge p. 86) - a curiosity only.

5. Sources

Existing archive source files are given as sources/<id>; "NEW" means no file yet.

Primary records and printed transcripts:

1. George Madison Bodge, Soldiers in King Philip's War, 3rd ed. (Boston, 1906). archive.org soldiersinkingph1906bodg. Pages used: 82-83, 86, 91, 136-138, 155-158, 164-167, 183, 187-189, 193-194, 197, 200-207, 260, 273, 291, 310, 320-323, 342-346, 353-356, 361, 363, 370-371, 374, 406-424, 437-445. Transcripts of Hull's journal credits and Mass. Archives vols. 67-69, 112 (rolls 68:93, 68:97, 68:104; Rowley return; 1685 petition 112:398) with Bodge's commentary (secondary). Bodge, Soldiers in King Philip's War (1906).
2. The Acts and Resolves, Public and Private, of the Province of the Massachusetts Bay, vol. 7 (Boston, 1892), Resolves 1700-1, ch. 78, pp. 270-271, and notes p. 657 (John Ellinwood's petition, Mass. Archives 70:503, 506). archive.org actsresolvespubl_m07mass. Printed transcript. NEW.
3. Nathaniel B. Shurtleff, ed., Records of the Governor and Company of the Massachusetts Bay, vol. 5 (1854), p. 126 (Margaret Cogswell's petition, Oct 1676). archive.org recordsofgoverno05mass. Printed transcript. Records of the Governor and Company of the Massachusetts Bay in New England (vols. 1, 3 so far; add vol. 5).
4. Records and Files of the Quarterly Courts of Essex County, vols. 6 (1917) and 7 (1919): 6:7, 72, 89, 111, 132-135, 154-159, 291-292; 7:218. archive.org recordsfilesofqu06esse, recordsfilesofqu07esse. Printed abstracts. Records and Files of the Quarterly Courts of Essex County, Massachusetts.
5. William Hubbard, A Narrative of the Troubles with the Indians in New-England (Boston, 1677), in Samuel G. Drake, ed., The History of the Indian Wars in New England (2 vols., Roxbury, 1865): 1:86 and n. 141, 1:163, 1:260-261; 2:73, 157-158, 164-165, 180-185, 230-233. archive.org historyofindianw01hubb_0, historyofindianw02hubb_0. Contemporary narrative with 19th-c. editor's notes. NEW.
6. Records of the Proprietors of Narraganset Township No. 1, now the Town of Buxton (Concord, N.H., 1871), the lot lists ("Jonathan Low on the Right of Thomas Low"; "Emerson Cogswell on the Right of Edward Cogswell"). archive.org recordsofproprie1733buxt. Printed transcript. NEW.
7. Vital Records of Ipswich (1910), vol. 1 Low births, vol. 2 Low marriages and deaths. archive.org vitalrecordsofip01esse, vitalrecordsofip02ipsw. Vital Records of Ipswich, Massachusetts, to the End of the Year 1849.

Town and county histories (secondary, with transcribed documents): 8. Thomas Gage, The History of Rowley (Boston, 1840), pp. 179-186 (Rowley impress return of 29 Nov 1675; Brocklebank's letters). archive.org historyofrowleya00gage. NEW. 9. Thomas Franklin Waters, Ipswich in the Massachusetts Bay Colony (Ipswich, 1905), ch. XIII, pp. 159-224 (Denison's letter of 30 Nov 1675 p. 198; slain p. 203; Ipswich soldiers' list pp. 218-224). archive.org ipswichinmassach00water. Waters, Ipswich in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, 2 vols. (1905, 1917). 10. Joseph B. Felt, History of Ipswich, Essex, and Hamilton (Cambridge, 1834), pp. 146-148. archive.org historyofipswich00felt. Felt, History of Ipswich, Essex, and Hamilton (1834). 11. Edwin M. Stone, History of Beverly (Boston, 1843), pp. 26-29, 174. archive.org historyofbeverly00ston_0. NEW (cited in the archive's research notes but no sources/ file). 12. Sidney Perley, The History of Salem, Massachusetts, vol. 3 (Salem, 1928), pp. 88-99. archive.org historyofsalemma03perl. NEW. 13. Alonzo Lewis and James R. Newhall, History of Lynn (Boston, 1865), pp. 262-264. archive.org historyoflynness00lewi_0. NEW. 14. John J. Babson, History of the Town of Gloucester (Gloucester, 1860), pp. 205-207. archive.org historytownglou00changoog. Babson, History of the Town of Gloucester (1860). 15. David W. Hoyt, The Old Families of Salisbury and Amesbury (1897), 1:31-32, 1:306-307. archive.org oldfamiliesofsal01hoyt. Hoyt, Old Families of Salisbury and Amesbury, vol. 1 (1897). 16. John G. Metcalf, Annals of the Town of Mendon (Providence, 1880), pp. 36, 46, 57, 62. archive.org annalsoftownofme00metc. John G. Metcalf, Annals of the Town of Mendon, from 1659 to 1880 (1880). 17. David Q. Cushman, The History of Ancient Sheepscot and Newcastle (Bath, 1882), pp. 44, 53, 60-62, 66, 88, 97. archive.org historyofancient00cush. NEW.

Genealogies (compiled): 18. Willard I. Tyler Brigham, The Tyler Genealogy, vol. 1 (1912), pp. 12-13, 23-24, 26, 33, 35-37. archive.org cu31924092510894. Brigham, The Tyler Genealogy (1912), 2 vols.. 19. Ethel Stanwood Bolton, A History of the Stanwood Family in America (Boston, 1899), pp. 30-37. archive.org historyofstanwoo00bolt. Bolton, A History of the Stanwood Family in America (1899). 20. Joseph Thompson Dodge, Genealogy of the Dodge Family of Essex County (1894), pp. 15-18. archive.org genealogyofdodge01dodg. Joseph Thompson Dodge, Genealogy of the Dodge Family of Essex County, Mass., 1629-1894 (1894). 21. E. O. Jameson, The Cogswells in America (Boston, 1884), pp. 9-13. archive.org cogswellsinameri00jame. Jameson, The Cogswells in America (1884). 22. Florence Osgood Rand, A Genealogy of the Rand Family (1898), pp. 12-14. archive.org genealogyofrandf00rand. F. O. Rand, A Genealogy of the Rand Family in the United States (1898). 23. H. E. Noyes and H. E. Noyes, Genealogical Record of Some of the Noyes Descendants (1904), vol. 2, ch. IV and VII. archive.org genealogicalrecor02noye. Henry E. and Harriette E. Noyes, Genealogical Record of Some of the Noyes Descendants of James, Nicholas and Peter Noyes (1904). 24. James Savage, A Genealogical Dictionary of the First Settlers of New England, vol. 3 (1860), p. 116 (Lord). archive.org genealogicaldic03savarich. Savage, A Genealogical Dictionary of the First Settlers of New England. 25. Also read: the archive's CHAPTER TWO RESEARCH FILE (Gardner, Bath, Parlor, Weld); Henry S. Nourse, ed., The Early Records of Lancaster, Massachusetts, 1643-1725 (1884), Mary Rowlandson, The Sovereignty and Goodness of God (1682) (not re-read here).

6. To fetch later

• Mass. Archives vol. 68 (Felt-Shattuck military series, State Archives, Boston): leaf 93 (Gardner's muster), 97 (Appleton's roll), 104 (slain and wounded), 71 and 71a (Ipswich and Salem impressments), 117; look for a Beverly impress return of Nov-Dec 1675 naming the Ellinwoods, and a Rowley "Samuel Tiller" in any wounded list. Images may be on FamilySearch ("Massachusetts Archives Collection").
• Mass. Archives vol. 69 (1676-77 eastern service): Wells garrison rolls and Swett's and Frost's accounts for spring 1677; vol. 70:503-506 (John Ellinwood's petition, original, to confirm "Leiut Sweat").
• John Hull's later journal (lost, per Bodge) covering credits after 23 Sept 1676: would have John Ellinwood's Wells pay. Check the Mass. Archives treasurer's accounts and the Massachusetts Historical Society.
• Narragansett township papers, Mass. Archives vol. 72 (claims of 1728-33) and the Amherst (No. 3) proprietors' records (Secomb, History of Amherst, 1883, archive.org historyoftownofa00seco, downloaded but not read): the Beverly and Lynn claims with the claimants' statements of descent (Ralph Ellinwood's own claim; the blank "—— Rand"; John Ellinwood's right in Andrew Dodge's hands).
• Gloucester Town Book (Kettle Cove lots, "16: 12: 79") in Thomas Riggs's hand: Gloucester City Archives.
• Lydia Stanwood's depositions (Suffolk court files, 1737 and 1742; Wiscasset town hall 1742) and the Maine land-claims register of the 1730s (Mercer/Messer and Wilcott claims): Massachusetts Archives / Maine State Archives; Cotton Mather, Pietas in Patriam (life of Phips) for the Sheepscot evacuation.
• Essex probate: estates of Josiah Dodge and Peter Woodbury (1675-76), if any; William Allen's will with the 1676 codicil (Essex Probate, 1686).
• Mendon: Mass. Archives on the 14 July 1675 dead (Metcalf found only Matthias Puffer's wife and child); a primary record of Richard Post's death; Suffolk/Middlesex probate for Post.
• Steele, NEHGR 174 (2020), "Descendants of Thomas Low": may say which Thomas Low served.

7. Pictures

• Perley, History of Salem 3:88, facsimile "Report of Impressment, King Philip's War" (Salem's 31 men of 1 Dec 1675, signed by George Corwin, Joseph Gardner and John Corwin; Mass. Archives 68:71a): https://archive.org/details/historyofsalemma03perl/page/88/mode/1up (check the plate's exact page).
• Bodge p. 156, page image of Appleton's slain-and-wounded list with the "4 men Slayne" bracket and "Samuel Taylor of Rowley": https://archive.org/details/soldiersinkingph1906bodg/page/156/mode/1up (printed text, public domain; good for the Tyler question).
• Bodge p. 207, Brocklebank's credits (Rand, Burrill, Stanwoods on one page): https://archive.org/details/soldiersinkingph1906bodg/page/207/mode/1up
• Bodge p. 355, Lancaster garrison credits with John Stanwood: https://archive.org/details/soldiersinkingph1906bodg/page/355/mode/1up
• Hubbard's map of New England (1677, "the White Hills" map), reproduced in Waters (1905) p. 7 and in Drake's edition: https://archive.org/details/ipswichinmassach00water (frontis plates).
• Waters (1905), "Home of Major Samuel Appleton" plate (facing p. 224).
• Bodge, Redemption Rock photograph/inscription (pp. 354-355) for the Lancaster thread.